Publication detail

Functional neuroanatomy of reading in Czech: Evidence of a dual-route processing architecture in a shallow orthography

BARTOŇ, M. RAPCSAK, S. Z. ZVONČÁK, V. MAREČEK, R. CVRČEK, V. REKTOROVÁ, I.

Original Title

Functional neuroanatomy of reading in Czech: Evidence of a dual-route processing architecture in a shallow orthography

Type

journal article in Web of Science

Language

English

Original Abstract

Introduction: According to the strong version of the orthographic depth hypothesis, in languages with transparent letter-sound mappings (shallow orthographies) the reading of both familiar words and unfamiliar nonwords may be accomplished by a sublexical pathway that relies on serial grapheme-to-phoneme conversion. However, in languages such as English characterized by inconsistent letter-sound relationships (deep orthographies), word reading is mediated by a lexical-semantic pathway that relies on mappings between word-specific orthographic, semantic, and phonological representations, whereas the sublexical pathway is used primarily to read nonwords. Method: sIn this study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to elucidate neural substrates of reading in Czech, a language characterized by a shallo worthography. Specifically, we contrasted patterns of brain activation and connectivity during word and nonword reading to determine whether similar or different neural mechanisms are involved. Neural correlates were measured as differences in simple whole-brain voxel-wise activation, and differences in visual word form area (VWFA) task-related connectivity were computed on the group level from data of 24 young subject. Trial-to-trial reading reaction times were used as a measure of task difficulty, and these effects were subtracted from the activation and connectivity effects in order to eliminate difference in cognitive effort which is naturally higher for nonwords and may mask the true lexicality effects. Results: We observed pattern of activity well described in the literature mostly derived from data of English speakers - nonword reading (as compared to word reading) activated the sublexical pathway to a greater extent whereas word reading was associated with greater activation of semantic networks. VWFA connectivity analysis also revealed stronger connectivity to a component of the sublexical pathway - left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), for nonword compared to word reading. Discussion: These converging results suggest that the brain mechanism of skilled reading in shallow orthography languages are similar to those engaged when reading in languages with a deep orthography and are supported by a universal dual-pathway neural architecture.

Keywords

fMRI; lexical-semantic; phonology; reading; shallow orthography; visual word form area; VWFA

Authors

BARTOŇ, M.; RAPCSAK, S. Z.; ZVONČÁK, V.; MAREČEK, R.; CVRČEK, V.; REKTOROVÁ, I.

Released

16. 1. 2023

Publisher

FRONTIERS MEDIA SA

Location

LAUSANNE

ISBN

1664-1078

Periodical

Frontiers in Psychology

Year of study

13

Number

2023

State

Swiss Confederation

Pages from

1

Pages to

11

Pages count

11

URL

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1037365/full

BibTex

@article{BUT185256,
  author="BARTOŇ, M. and RAPCSAK, S. Z. and ZVONČÁK, V. and MAREČEK, R. and CVRČEK, V. and REKTOROVÁ, I.",
  title="Functional neuroanatomy of reading in Czech: Evidence of a dual-route processing architecture in a shallow orthography",
  journal="Frontiers in Psychology",
  year="2023",
  volume="13",
  number="2023",
  pages="1--11",
  doi="10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1037365",
  issn="1664-1078",
  url="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1037365/full"
}