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FIALA, P. ROUBAL, Z. SZABÓ, Z.
Original Title
Numerical model lead-acid accumulator grids
Type
conference paper
Language
English
Original Abstract
The lead-acid battery uses lead dioxide as the active material of the positive electrode and metallic lead, in a high-surface-area porous structure, as the negative active material. Typically, a charged positive electrode contains both a-PbO2 (orthorhombic) and a-PbO2 (tetragonal). The equilibrium potential of the a-PbO2 is more positive than that of a-PbO2 by 0,01 V The á form also has a larger, more compact crystal morphology which is less active electrochemically and slightly lower in capacity per unit weight; it does, however, promote longer cycle life. Neither of the two forms is fully stoichiometric. Their composition can be represented by PbOx, with x varying between 1,85 and 2,05. The introduction of antimony, even at low concentrations, in the preparation or cycling of these species leads to a considerable increase in their performance. The preparation of the active material precursor consists of a series of mixing and curing operations using leady lead oxide (PbO + Pb), sulfuric acid, and water. The ratios of the reactants and curing conditions (temperature, humidity, and time) affect the development of crystallinity and pore structure. The cured plate consists of lead sulfate, lead oxide, and some residual lead (<5%). The positive active material, which is formed electrochemically from the cured plate, is a major factor influencing the performance and life of the lead-acid battery. In general the negative, or lead, electrode controls cold-temperature performance (such as engine starting). The electrolyte is a sulfuric acid solution, typically about 1,28 specific gravity or 37% acid by weight in a fully charged condition.
Keywords
lead acid accumulator grids, numerical modeling, grids
Authors
FIALA, P.; ROUBAL, Z.; SZABÓ, Z.
RIV year
2009
Released
30. 8. 2009
Publisher
Akademické centrum GEPARD International
Location
Brno
ISBN
978-80-214-3943-6
Book
10 th ABAF Brno 2009 Advanced Batteries, Accumulators and Fuel Cells
Edition number
1
Pages from
146
Pages to
149
Pages count
4
BibTex
@inproceedings{BUT31950, author="Pavel {Fiala} and Zdeněk {Roubal} and Zoltán {Szabó}", title="Numerical model lead-acid accumulator grids", booktitle="10 th ABAF Brno 2009 Advanced Batteries, Accumulators and Fuel Cells", year="2009", number="1", pages="146--149", publisher="Akademické centrum GEPARD International", address="Brno", isbn="978-80-214-3943-6" }