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Walmsley, T.G. Ong, B.H.Y. Atkins, M.J. Klemeš, J.J. Walmsley, M.R.W., Varbanov, P.S.
Original Title
Total Site Heat Integration of Mechanical Vapour Recompression Multi-Effect Evaporators for Older Kraft Mills
Type
conference paper
Language
English
Original Abstract
This paper aims to apply Total Site Heat Integration (TSHI) to appropriately integrate Mechanical and Thermal Vapour Recompression with multi-effect evaporators at older Kraft Mills, to cause a step reduction in fossil fuel use and its associated emissions. Heat and power demands for older Kraft Mills are chiefly satisfied from Recovery Boilers (RB), heavily supplemented by biomass/fossil fuel boilers, and integrated with steam turbines. Prior to firing, black liquor - the RB fuel - is concentrated from about 18 % to 67 % in a multi-effect evaporator, which demands 20 % of site-wide thermal energy. With access to renewable electricity, this study finds that vapour recompression can be economically integrated into a multi-effect evaporator at older Kraft Mills. The vapour recompression configuration with the greatest economic potential used 2-stages of mechanical vapour recompression and 1-stage of thermal vapour recompression. This system achieved a levelised profit of NZD 8.56 M/y, a payback period of 1.0 y and an internal rate of return of 103 %. An optimum integrated set-up needs to account for site-specific heat demand and utility supply profiles through TSHI.
Keywords
Earnings; Evaporators; Fossil fuels; Fuels; Investments; Specific heat; Steam turbines; Economic potentials; Heat integration; Internal rate of return; Multi-effect evaporators; Payback periods; Recovery boilers; Renewable electricity; Vapour recompression; Kraft Mills;
Authors
Walmsley, T.G.; Ong, B.H.Y.; Atkins, M.J.; Klemeš, J.J.; Walmsley, M.R.W., Varbanov, P.S.
Released
1. 10. 2017
Publisher
Italian Association of Chemical Engineering - AIDIC
ISBN
978-88-95608-51-8
Book
Chemical Engineering Transactions
2283-9216
Periodical
Number
61
State
Republic of Italy
Pages from
265
Pages to
270
Pages count
6
BibTex
@inproceedings{BUT146021, author="Walmsley, T.G. and Ong, B.H.Y. and Atkins, M.J. and Klemeš, J.J. and Walmsley, M.R.W., Varbanov, P.S.", title="Total Site Heat Integration of Mechanical Vapour Recompression Multi-Effect Evaporators for Older Kraft Mills", booktitle="Chemical Engineering Transactions", year="2017", journal="Chemical Engineering Transactions", number="61", pages="265--270", publisher="Italian Association of Chemical Engineering - AIDIC", doi="10.3303/CET1761042", isbn="978-88-95608-51-8", issn="2283-9216" }