Publication detail

A New Method to Perform Direct Efficiency Measurement and Power Flow Analysis in Vibration Energy Harvesters

KUNZ, J. FIALKA, J. PIKULA, S. BENEŠ, P. KREJČÍ, J. KLUSÁČEK, S. HAVRÁNEK, Z.

Original Title

A New Method to Perform Direct Efficiency Measurement and Power Flow Analysis in Vibration Energy Harvesters

Type

journal article in Web of Science

Language

English

Original Abstract

Measuring the efficiency of piezo energy harvesters (PEHs) according to the definition constitutes a challenging task. The power consumption is often established in a simplified manner, by ignoring the mechanical losses and focusing exclusively on the mechanical power of the PEH. Generally, the input power is calculated from the PEH’s parameters. To improve the procedure, we have designed a method exploiting a measurement system that can directly establish the definition-based efficiency for different vibration amplitudes, frequencies, and resistance loads. Importantly, the parameters of the PEH need not be known. The input power is determined from the vibration source; therefore, the method is suitable for comparing different types of PEHs. The novel system exhibits a combined absolute uncertainty of less than 0.5% and allows quantifying the losses. The approach was tested with two commercially available PEHs, namely, a lead zirconate titanate (PZT) MIDE PPA-1011 and a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) TE LDTM-028K. To facilitate comparison with the proposed efficiency, we calculated and measured the quantity also by using one of the standard options (simplified efficiency). The standard concept yields higher values, especially in PVDFs. The difference arises from the device’s low stiffness, which produces high displacement that is proportional to the losses. Simultaneously, the insufficient stiffness markedly reduces the PEH’s mechanical power. This effect cannot be detected via the standard techniques. We identified the main sources of loss in the damping of the movement by the surrounding air and thermal losses. The latter source is caused by internal and interlayer friction.

Keywords

piezoelectric; piezoelectric ceramic; lead zirconate titanate (PZT); polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF); energy harvesting; efficiency; efficiency measurement; power conversion; power flow

Authors

KUNZ, J.; FIALKA, J.; PIKULA, S.; BENEŠ, P.; KREJČÍ, J.; KLUSÁČEK, S.; HAVRÁNEK, Z.

Released

30. 3. 2021

Publisher

MDPI

ISBN

1424-8220

Periodical

SENSORS

Year of study

21

Number

7

State

Swiss Confederation

Pages from

1

Pages to

19

Pages count

19

URL

https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/7/2388

Full text in the Digital Library

http://hdl.handle.net/11012/196489

BibTex

@article{BUT170992,
  author="Jan {Kunz} and Jiří {Fialka} and Stanislav {Pikula} and Petr {Beneš} and Jakub {Krejčí} and Stanislav {Klusáček} and Zdeněk {Havránek}",
  title="A New Method to Perform Direct Efficiency Measurement and Power Flow Analysis in Vibration Energy Harvesters",
  journal="SENSORS",
  year="2021",
  volume="21",
  number="7",
  pages="1--19",
  doi="10.3390/s21072388",
  issn="1424-8220",
  url="https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/7/2388"
}