Course detail

Materials and Components for Biomedicine

FEKT-AMBMAcad. year: 2012/2013



The course deals with special materials for the usage in bio medicinal praxis. A section of it is dedicated to materials in cardiology, new electrochemical power sources, used in special instrumentation for medicine, for example, cardio stimulators (pace makers) and defibrillators. Another chapter will describe the influence of biological milieu on corrosion and life time of materials used and also the compatibility of implants and tissues. A part of the course will be dedicated to polymeric materials from chemical and structural viewpoints and related properties as well as the use of polymers for drugs with retarded loosening of the active substances (for example, tailored cytostatics). Another field of their application is presented by hydrogels for eye treating and further applications. Also the chapter describing nuclear magnetic resonance NMR and its application for diagnostic and analytical purposes.









Language of instruction

Czech

Number of ECTS credits

5

Mode of study

Not applicable.

Guarantor

doc. Ing. Marie Sedlaříková, CSc.

Department

Department of Electrical and Electronic Technology (UETE)

Learning outcomes of the course unit

The graduate after finishing proposed course will have be able following actions:
• Qualified judging of the materials application in biomedical praxis
• Describe the diseases of heart and vessel system and to describe the strategy of their treating
• Describe the properties of macromolecular materials, ceramics and metals suitable for implants
• To have a general survey over recent situation of materials for contact and implanted eye lenses
• To possess fundamental knowledge of usage of electrochemical power sources for laboratory equipment, cardio stimulators /pace makers) and defibrillators
• To be informed of the newest trends in preparation and application of bio nanomaterials in medicine, for example, for the treatment of carcinogenous diseases
• To be avare of the nuclear magnetic spectroscopu (NMR) and of the tissues compatibility in NMR diagnostics
To have a general knowledge about measurement and influence ionts on humen health and speleotherapy
To have knowledge about influence of mineral substances on human health.

Prerequisites

Student who will register for this course must possess knowledge on the level of secondary schools in following topics:
•the influence of structure of materials onto their properties
•essential knowledge of material science (w.g., metals, semiconductors and insulators)
•essential knowledge of human body
•essential knowledge of processes in human body
•he (she) should to possess fundamental knowledge concerning computational work for treatment and analysis of experimental data
•to be able to perform experiments with non - dangerous chemicals according to directions in laboratory manual


Co-requisites

1.Fundamental knowledge concerning ionic conduction in liquid electrolytes.
2.Fundamental knowledge in inorganic chemistry, first of all, properties of binary oxides possibly used in electrochemical power sources
3.Awareness on physicochemical methods suitable for identification of solid substances (e.g., RTG diffraction, electron processes, nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or optical spectroscopy )

Planned learning activities and teaching methods

Teaching methods depend on the type of course unit as specified in the article 7 of BUT Rules for Studies and Examinations.

Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes

Classification of laboratory work...30p
Written part of closing examen......60p
Presentation of assignet topic........10p

Course curriculum

1. Introduction – chemical bonds. Structure of substances on molecular and atomic levels. Crystal structure of solids.
2. Properties of surfaces and nanoparticles – crystallographic planes, classification of nanostructures. Nano materials for electrical engineering – spintrtonics, nanophotonics, bio nanotechnologies – nano safety
3. Shape of drugs, tailored cytostatics, materials used for them
4. Metals and polymer materials designed for use in cardiology
5. Materials for eye lenses, polymers in the medizin
6. Investigation of concentrations and parameters of atmospheric ions. Speleotherapy.
7. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroskopy and compatibility of tissue implants
8. Gasis in medizin and food industry
9. Mineral substances in the body, influence of surplus and deficiency of them

Work placements

Not applicable.

Aims

The aim of the course is to give to students basic orientation in the field of materials, used in biomedicinal practice. The properties and application of various materials including nanostructured ones.

Specification of controlled education, way of implementation and compensation for absences

Exercises in laboratory are obligatory. Dully excussed absence in laboratory exercises is possible to complete after being approved by the teacher.

Recommended optional programme components

Not applicable.

Prerequisites and corequisites

Not applicable.

Basic literature

Bednář, B. a kol.: Nové materiály, Ediční středisko VŠCHT, Praha 1991 (CS)
Navrátil,L. a kol: Medicínská biofyzika, GRADA 2005, Praha (CS)
Pistoia, G.: Lithium Batteries, New Materials, Developments and Perspective, Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterodam, 1994 (EN)
Sedlaříková a kol.: Materiály pro biomedicínu, elektronická skripta (CS)
Valečko,Z: Bioelektronika, BEN Technická literatura, Praha 2005 (CS)
Vondrák, J., Sedlaříková,M.,Elektrochemická měření, elektronická verze (CS)
Žabka,M. a kol.:Moderní lékové formy ve farmaceutické technologii, Bratislava 2001 (CS)

Recommended reading

Liu,B. In vitro investigation of Fe30Mn6Si shape memory alloy as potential biodegradable metallic material, Material Letters 65 (2011) 540-543 (EN)

Classification of course in study plans

  • Programme BTBIO-A Bachelor's

    branch A-BTB , 3 year of study, summer semester, compulsory

  • Programme EEKR-CZV lifelong learning

    branch EE-FLE , 1 year of study, summer semester, compulsory

Type of course unit

 

Lecture

26 hod., optionally

Teacher / Lecturer

doc. Ing. Marie Sedlaříková, CSc.

Syllabus

1. Corrossion and compatibility of materials in living organisms, corrossion diagrams,composition of tissue fluids
2. Electrode potentials, impact of metal ions on living tissue
3. Electrodes as sensors of tissue composition, pH measurement, ion selective electrodes
electrochemical sensors in vivo and in vitro
4. Chemical sources for laboratory apparatus and implants, accumulators, maintenance and
characteristics. Gel electrolytes – characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, application
in accumulators
5. Lithium cells, batteries for implants in cardiology, defibrilators
6. Materials for the biological environment. Materials for implants Ceramic, metal and
polymer materials.
7. Hydrogels in biomedical applications, contact with living tissue. Definition of hydrogels advantages over other materials.
8. Contact and intraocular lenses, materials, swelling capacity, mechanical properties, solubility for oxygen, production technology, applications
9. Targeted cytostatics Polymer systems for transport and controlled release of biologically active molecules. Soluble polymer carriers of medicines.Targeted directing of medicines
10. Ions. Impact of positive and negative ions on the human organism. Speleotherapy. Impact of negative ions of the health of man.
11. Parameters of materials in residential premises and their influence on the magnitude of space charge. Influence of clothing materials on the origin and elimination of static charge.
12. NMR compatibility of tissue implants parameters affecting the contrast in the MR image, electric properties of materials for medical applications affecting MR images
13. Monitoring of the influence of tissue implant materials on MR images and their distortion. MR measurement techniques and evaluation of monitored phenomena

Laboratory exercise

26 hod., compulsory

Teacher / Lecturer

doc. Ing. Marie Sedlaříková, CSc.

Syllabus

1. Determination of the content of calcium and nitrates in mineral waters
2. The environmental scanning electron microscope
3. Diagnostics of biomaterials by means of the environmental scanning electron microscope
4. Measurement of discharge characteristics of lithium batteries
5. Measurement of the concentration of air ions in different environments
6. Magnetic resonance
7. Measurement of deformations in magnetic fields due to electrically and magnetically conductive implants
8. Preparation of hydrogels by radical polymerisation and polymerisation by UV
radiation, kinetics of swelling
9. Flade corrossion diagrams: Cu, Zn, N, Au
10, 11, 12, 13. Excursions to hospital laboratories and specialised departments, excursion to the Research Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Academy of Sciences