39 hod., optionally

Fundamental definitions, principle and sorting of digital circuits and systems, numeric and code systems. Logical operations and fundamentals of logic algebras. Introduction to the theory of numbers (basis 2, 8, 16), mutual conversion of numbers in various number systems. Logical variable and logical function of one, two and several independent variables. Arithmetic operations. Binary system, bit, byte, word. Binary coding, direct, inverted, complement, including BCD.
Circuits for digital applications. Digital integrated circuits TTL, STTL, LSTTL, ALS, IIL, CMOS, HCMOS, HCT. Fundamental parameters, application exaples, rules of application.
Standard circuits of digital systems. Analysis and synthesis of digital circuits. Hazards in combinational circuits. Sequentional logical circuits, description of a behaviour. Asynchronous and synchronous bistable flip-flops. Monostable flip-flops, timers. Astable flip-flops. Analysis and synthesis of the sequentional circuits. Circuit symbols, normalization. Generators of square shape oscillations, pulses and impulses. Application of circuits 74121, 74123, 555. Analysis and synthesis of sequential logic circuits.
Crystal oscillators. Circuits for signal square formation, spreading and shortening of impulses. Design rules of interface connection of inputs. Substandard operation, connection of digital circuits with mechanical contacts. Design rules of interface connection of outputs. Actuating of power loads.
Connection and buses for transfer of logical signals. Design rules of logical circuit units, construction and debugging. Selected digital subsystems. Adjustable and programmable counters and dividers of frequency. Registers. Timer and frequency units. Circuits for arithmetic operation, adders and subtracters.
Code converters among two different code systems. memories RAM, ROM, FLASH, their parameters and application. Display of characters, display units, displays. Static and dynamic mode of the display. Programmable digital devices, fundamental types of programmable logical fields. Design rules of PLA, their programming, examples of application.
Systems of digital processing of analogue signals. Sampling and reconstruction of signals. Conversion of analogue and digital signals.
Von Neumann and Harvard architecture of computer. Microprocessor, microcomputer, calculator, microcontroller, DSP. Principle of microprocessor. Control signals, asynchronous control signals. Interrupt system. HW and economy reasons for microprocessors. Word length. Internal architecture, basic blocks, buses.
Presentation of data using fixed or floating decimal point, properties, formats. Instructions, possible references to operand. one- and multi-addressed computers, byte oriented, fix and variable instruction length. Direct and indirect addressing, registers used for addressing, index registers, paging of operational memory.
Microprocessor structure, registers, synchronizing signals for environment communication. Timing, machine cycle, instruction cycle. Types of machine cycles and its timing, state diagram. External signals and their influence to machine cycle (READY, HOLD, INT). Programming structure of microprocessor, fundamental registers accessible by SW, interfacing with external world. Characteristics of instruction set, types of instructions, formats, determination of operands.
Interrupt system, principle. Interrupt request processing, masking. Ways of determination of requesting source of interrupt.