Course detail

Electric Arc Application

FEKT-LAELAcad. year: 2013/2014

Basic orientation in problems of technical application of plasma, survey of essential diagnostic methods and apparatuses for estimation of plasma parameters. Information on technical means with switching electric arc, on plasma generators and their operation, on plasma modification of materials and their properties with special respect to environmental friendly technologies.

Language of instruction

Czech

Number of ECTS credits

5

Mode of study

Not applicable.

Guarantor

doc. Ing. Ilona Lázničková, Ph.D.

Department

Department of Electrical Power Engineering (UEEN)

Learning outcomes of the course unit

Basic knowledge necessary for development, design, and operation of devices using thermal plasma produced by electric arc for technology purpose.
Graduate from this subject is able to:
- define plasma, lowtemperature plasma and enumerate the basic plasma properties,
- orient in problems of plasma technology.
- describe the man parts of arc heater - device generated thermal plasma.

Prerequisites

The subject knowledge on the Bachelor´s degree level is requested.

Co-requisites

Not applicable.

Planned learning activities and teaching methods

Teaching methods depend on the type of course unit as specified in the article 7 of BUT Rules for Studies and Examinations.
Teaching methods include lectures, numerical exercises. Course is taking advantage of e-learning (Moodle) system.
There are continuous tests in the numerical exercises.

Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes

Requirements for completion of a course are specified by a regulation issued by the lecturer responsible for the course and updated for every.

Course curriculum

1. Plasma, plasma types, thermal plasma, plasma temperature, plasma composition.
2. Thermodynamic properties of thermal plasma.
3. Transport properties of thermal plasma.
4. Electrical arc, V-A characteristic of arc, mathematical description of V-A characteristic.
5. Electrical arc in switching, arc quenching, heavy current, interactive and dielectric interval.
6. Arc heaters - description, types of arc heaters, stabilization of electric arc, theory and construction of arc heaters.
7. Basis of mathematical and physical modelling of electric arc, simplified model of electric arc.
8. Basis of diagnostc of plasma. Indirect method of determination of intermediate temperature and speed of plasmajet in the arc heater exit.
9. Mathematical and physical description of plasma processes, design of the arc heater.
10. Fitting of the arc heater, cooling system, gas system, measurements in working order.
11. Plasma applications.

Work placements

Not applicable.

Aims

To provide students with essential information on direct technological application of electric arc, on problems of switching arc, on theory and design of plasma generators, on properties of plasma, and on some plasma technologies.

Specification of controlled education, way of implementation and compensation for absences

The content and forms of instruction in the evaluated course are specified by a regulation issued by the lecturer responsible for the course and updated for every academic year.

Recommended optional programme components

Not applicable.

Prerequisites and corequisites

Not applicable.

Basic literature

Šenk J., Lázničková I., Gregor J.: Aplikace elektrického oblouku. (rozpracovaná skripta)

Recommended reading

Bárta K., Vostracký Z.: Spínací přístroje velmi vysokého napětí. SNTL, Praha 1983
Boulos M.J., Fauchais P., Pfender E.: Thermal Plasmas Fundamentals and Applications. Vol. 1. Plenum Press, New York and London 1994
Browne T.E. (Junior): Circuit Interrruption, Theory and Techniques. Marce Dekker, INC, New York and Basel 1984

Classification of course in study plans

  • Programme EEKR-ML Master's

    branch ML-EEN , 2 year of study, summer semester, elective specialised

  • Programme EEKR-CZV lifelong learning

    branch EE-FLE , 1 year of study, summer semester, elective specialised

Type of course unit

 

Lecture

26 hod., optionally

Teacher / Lecturer

doc. Ing. Ilona Lázničková, Ph.D.

Syllabus

Characteristics of plasma as the fourth state of aggregation of matter, thermal plasma, possibilities of non-thermal plasma generation, thermodynamical plasma parameters.
Thermodynamics of high temperature processes.
Essentials of plasma diagnostics.
Properties of electric arc, voltage-current characteristics of free electric arc and of stabilised one, mathematical description of voltage-current characteristics, interaction between electric arc and magnetic field.
Switching electric arc, hv and vhv devices, extinguishing process, heavy current, interaction, and dielectric intervals.
Elements of mathematical-physical modelling of quenching process.
Plasma torches, methods of stabilisation of arc, theory and design of torches.
Mathematical and physical description of processes in plasmatrons, the design of plasma generator.
Supporting technological circuits of plasmatrons, water cooling system, gas handling, operational measurements.
Plasma technology of surface modification of products, of transformation of material properties, and of production of new materials with special properties.
Thermal plasma technology of decomposition of very stable ecologically harmful wastes.
Ecological application of electric discharge for destruction of undesirable materials, for water purification, etc.
Further perspective of industrial application of electric arc and thermal plasma.

Fundamentals seminar

14 hod., compulsory

Teacher / Lecturer

doc. Ing. Ilona Lázničková, Ph.D.

Syllabus

Essential thermodynamical relations, material properties of gas media, work with thermodynamical dependencies.
Basic relations for transport of mass, momentum, and energy, momentum conservation equation, flowing and turbulence.
Determination of plasma parameters, optical, spectral, and probe diagnostic methods.
Evaluation of enegy balance of plasmatron.
Energy balance of high temperature thermocouple.
Application of spectral methods, Abel´s transformation.
Magnetic field of coil systems in dynamic regime.

Laboratory exercise

12 hod., compulsory

Teacher / Lecturer

doc. Ing. Ilona Lázničková, Ph.D.

Syllabus

Spectroscopic diagnostics of radiation of plasma of electric discharge.
Temperature profile measurement by thermocouple.
Measurement of energy balance of plasma generator, determination of mean plasma parameters.
Measurement of voltage-current characteristics of plasmatron.