Course detail

Geophysics and Geodynamics

FAST-HE02Acad. year: 2013/2014

Subject of geophysics studies, placing of the Earth in space, Earth´s motions, fundamental physical laws.
Basics of theory of fields, scalar and vector field, gradient, divergency and rotation of field quantities. Gravitational potential, intensity of gravity field of a mass point, homogeneous sphere, and general body.
Basics of spherical functions theory.
Gravity field of the Earth, its intensity and potential, expansion of potential into spherical functions. Field of Earth´s gravitational force and its potential. Level surfaces of the gravity force potential. Normal Earth´s gravity force field, normal gravitational acceleration, its reductions. Fay and Bouguer anomalies. Basics of gravimetry, types and principles of gravity meters.
Fundamental equation of physical geodesy, geoid and quasigeoid.
Physical fundamentals of seismic phenomena, registration and parameters of earthquakes, model of the Earth, discontinuity surfaces. Magnetic and electric field of the Earth. Geomagnetic and geoelectric surveys.

Language of instruction

Czech

Number of ECTS credits

Mode of study

Not applicable.

Guarantor

doc. RNDr. Lubomil Pospíšil, CSc.

Department

Institute of Geodesy (GED)

Learning outcomes of the course unit

The result of education is the knowledge of the Principles of geophysical methods, manner of the measuring and gaining of the data and their processing, especially gravity data, their interpretation and utilization in praxis and research projects.
As next result can be considered the ability of the using of the geophysical methods for study and understanding of the geodynamical processes at/in the Earth body.
Ability and knowledge of the utilization of the basic software and programs for gravity and magnetic methods, especially for direct and inverse solutions, can be rank among the results, too.

Prerequisites

Knowledge of fundamentals of theory of physical fields. Knowledge of the fundamentals of geology and Remote Sensing. Knowledge of fundamentals of theoretical geodesy.

Co-requisites

Knowledge of the fundamentals of Structural geology and Plate Tectonics.
Knowledge of the Data processing and map constructions on the bases of the GIS technology.

Planned learning activities and teaching methods

Teaching methods depend on the type of course unit as specified in the article 7 of BUT Rules for Studies and Examinations.
Way of education is based on the lectures and different type of exercising, supplied by field training.
a)Lectures have character of the explanations of the basic principles and problems of geophysics and geodynamics and their type solutions.
b)Exercising supports the practical operating of the method presented at the lectures in praxis.
c)Training in the field serves t

Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes

Determinate condition is attendance on seminars and submitting of the processed reports.
Main criteria is successful test fulfilling. The test has 65 questions from complete subject.
Written test and oral examine take approx. 3 hours.

Course curriculum

1. Subject of geophysics, placing of the Earth in space, Earth´s motions, fundamental physical laws.
2. Basics of theory of fields, scalar and vector field.
3. Gravitational potential, gravity field of a mass point, sphere, and general body.
4. Basics of spherical functions theory.
5. Gravity field of the Earth, its intensity and potential, expansion of potential into spherical functions.
6. Field of Earth´s gravitational force and its potential. Level surfaces of the gravity force potential.
7. Normal Earth´s gravity force field, normal gravitational acceleration.
8. Reductions of gravity acceleration. Fay and Bouguer anomalies.
9. Basics of gravimetry, types and principles of gravity meters.
10. Fundamental equation of physical geodesy, geoid and quasigeoid.
11. Physical fundamentals of seismic phenomena, registration and parameters of earthquakes, model of the Earth, discontinuity surfaces.
12. Magnetic and electric field of the Earth.
13. Geomagnetic and geoelectric surveys.

Work placements

Not applicable.

Aims

Knowledge of physical properties of the Earth body, and of methods for determination of basic geophysical parameters.

Specification of controlled education, way of implementation and compensation for absences

Extent and forms are specified by guarantor’s regulation updated for every academic year.

Recommended optional programme components

Not applicable.

Prerequisites and corequisites

Not applicable.

Basic literature

Andreev, B.A. , Kljušin, I.G.: Geologičeskoje istolkovanie gravitacionnych anomalii. Moskva, Nedra, 1965. (RU)
Bullen, K.E.: Introduction to the Theory of Seismology. Cambridge University Press, 1953. (EN)
Burša, M., Pěč, K.: Tíhové pole a dynamika Země. ACADEMIA, Praha, 1988. (CS)
Pospíšil L.: Geofyzika a geodynamika, MODUL #1 , HE02 - GEOFYZIKA A GEODYNAMIKA. VUT, Fakulta stavební, Brno, 2007. (CS)
Pospíšil, L, Šutora, A.: PRAKTICKÁ GEOFYZIKA, Učební texty pro geodety, GRAVIMETRIE. Akademické nakladatelství CERM, s.r.o. Brno, 2002. (CS)
Pospíšil, L, Šutora, A.: PRAKTICKÁ GEOFYZIKA, Učební texty pro geodety, ÚVOD DO UŽITÉ GEOFYZIKY. Akademické nakladatelství CERM, s.r.o. Brno, 2003. (CS)

Recommended reading

Burger, H. R.: Exploration Geophysics of the Shallow Subsurface. Prentice Hall P. T., 1992. (EN)
LaCoste & Romberg: General Catalog. Austin, Texas, 1997.
Lillie, R.J.: Whole Earth Geophysics. Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 1999. (EN)
Mareš S. , et al.: Úvod do užité geofyziky. SNTL a ALFA. Praha, 1979. (CS)
Mareš, S. a kol.: Geofyzikální metody v hydrogeologii a inženýrské geologii. SNTL/Alfa, Praha, 1983. (CS)
Ochaba, Š.: GEOFYZIKA. Základy fyziky Země a jej okolia. SPN - Bratislava, 1986. (SK)
Sheriff, R.E.: Geophysical methods. Prentice Hall, N.J., 1989. (EN)
Schenk, V., and Schenková, Z.: Maps of Seismic Zones in Recent Czech National Codes. Journal of Exploration Geophysics, Remote Sensing and Environment: ročník IV. No. 2/1997, Brno, 1997. (EN)
Telford, W. M., Geldart L. P., and Sheriff R. E.: Applied Geophysics, 2nd ed.. Cambridge University Press, 1990.
Wiegel, R.: Earthquake Engineering. Prentice Hall, 1970. (EN)
(CS)

Classification of course in study plans

  • Programme N-P-C-GK Master's

    branch G , 1 year of study, winter semester, compulsory
    branch GD , 1 year of study, winter semester, compulsory

Type of course unit

 

Lecture

26 hod., optionally

Teacher / Lecturer

doc. RNDr. Lubomil Pospíšil, CSc.

Syllabus

1. Subject of geophysics, placing of the Earth in space, Earth´s motions, fundamental physical laws.
2. Basics of theory of fields, scalar and vector field.
3. Gravitational potential, gravity field of a mass point, sphere, and general body.
4. Basics of spherical functions theory.
5. Gravity field of the Earth, its intensity and potential, expansion of potential into spherical functions.
6. Field of Earth´s gravitational force and its potential. Level surfaces of the gravity force potential.
7. Normal Earth´s gravity force field, normal gravitational acceleration.
8. Reductions of gravity acceleration. Fay and Bouguer anomalies.
9. Basics of gravimetry, types and principles of gravity meters.
10. Fundamental equation of physical geodesy, geoid and quasigeoid.
11. Physical fundamentals of seismic phenomena, registration and parameters of earthquakes, model of the Earth, discontinuity surfaces.
12. Magnetic and electric field of the Earth.
13. Geomagnetic and geoelectric surveys.

Exercise

26 hod., compulsory

Teacher / Lecturer

doc. RNDr. Lubomil Pospíšil, CSc.

Syllabus

A -1 day in week -2 hours:
1.Construction of the Geological-geophysical section
2.Measuring of the Gravity base network and calibration of the Gravimeter
3.Measuring and processing of the daily gravity profiles
4.Calculation of the Bouguer and Faye reductions, Normal Acceleration of the Earth field and the Gravity anomalies
5.Calculation of the Topographic corrections T1, T3
6.Construction of the Gravity maps in analog and GIS form (Qualitative interpretation)
7.The Transforming of the Gravity field, Filtering of Anoimalous field, residual and regional anomalies
8.Direct problem of gravimetry
9.Inverse problem of gravimetry
10.Using of the geophysical SWs - GeolModel, GravModel, MagModel
11.Complex interpretation of the Geophysical-geological models
12.Interpretation of the reflection seismic sections