Course detail

Vector and Matrix Algebra

FEKT-BPC-VMPAcad. year: 2019/2020

In the field of matrix claculus, main attention is paid to vector spaces, basic notions, linear combination of vectors, linear dependence, independence vectors, base, dimension of a vector space, matrix algebra, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, matrix functions and their applications.
In the field of numerical mathematics, the following topics are covered: root finding,matrices systems of linear equations, convergence analysis, curve fitting (interpolation and splines, least squares method), numerical differentiation and integration.

Language of instruction

Czech

Number of ECTS credits

5

Mode of study

Not applicable.

Learning outcomes of the course unit

Students completing this course should be able to:
- decide whether vectors are linearly independent and whether they form a basis of a vector space ( v reálném i komplexním oboru)
- add and multiply matrices, compute the determinant of a square matrix to the 4x4 type, compute the rank and the inverse of a matrix
- solve a system of linear equations
- compute eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a matrix
- analyze type of a matrix using eigenvalues
- compute a matrix exponential for certain classes of matrices
- solve matrices systems of linear equations
- find the root of a given equation f(x)=0 using the bisection method, Newton method or the iterative method, describe these methods including the convergence conditions
- solve a system of linear equations using Gaussian elimination with pivoting, Jacobi and Gauss-Seidel iteration methods, discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these methods
- find the approximation of a function by spline functions
- find the approximation of a function given by table of points by the least squares method (linear, quadratic or exponential approximation)
- estimate the derivative of a given function using numerical differentiation
- compute the numerical approximation of a definite integral using trapezoidal and Simpson method, describe the principal of these methods, compare them according to their accuracy
- find the approximate solution of a differential equation using Euler method, modified Euler methods and Runge-Kutta methods

Prerequisites

The student should be able to apply the basic knowledge of verctor calculus in real and complex domain on the secondary school level

Co-requisites

Not applicable.

Planned learning activities and teaching methods

Teaching methods include lectures, computer and numerical exercises.

Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes

The student's work during the semestr (written tests and homework) is assessed by maximum 30 points. Written examination is evaluated by maximum 70 points. It consist of several tasks (half of them in matrix calculation and the second half in numerical methods) and two theoretical questions (1+1, each for 5 points). To pass the exam, the student must gain at least 10 points in matrix calculation and at least 10 points in numerical methods.

Course curriculum

1. Vectors, vector spaces.
2. Matrices, matrix algebra, determinant of a matrix
3. Systems of linear equations.
4. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a matrix.
5. Ortogonalization, ortogonal projection.
6. Hermitian a unitary matrix.
7. Definite matrices, characteristic using eigenvalues.
8. Matrices functions, matrix exponential, applications.
9. Introduction to numerical methods. Numerical methods for root finding (bisection method, Newton method, iterative method)
10. Numerical solution of systems of nonlinear equations. Systems of linear equations (Gaussian elimination with pivoting, Jacobi and Gauss-Seidel iterative methods).
11. Interpolation: interpolation polynomial (Lagrange and Newton), splines (linear and cubic)
12. Least squares method. Numerical differentiation.
13. Numerical integration.
12. Numerical integration (trapezoidal and Simpson method).
13. Numerical solution of differential equations: initial problems (Euler method and its modifications, Runge-Kutta methods), boundary value problems (very briefly).

Work placements

Not applicable.

Aims

The aim of this course is to introduce the basics of vector and matrix calculus in real and complex domain and basic numerical solution methods of systems of equations.

Specification of controlled education, way of implementation and compensation for absences

The content and forms of instruction in the evaluated course are specified by a regulation issued by the lecturer responsible for the course and updated for every academic year.

Recommended optional programme components

Not applicable.

Prerequisites and corequisites

Not applicable.

Basic literature

M. Dont: Maticová analýza, skripta, nakl. ČVUT 2011 (CS)
FAJMON, B., HLAVIČKOVÁ, I., NOVÁK, M., Matematika 3. Elektronický text FEKT VUT, Brno, 2013 (CS)
SCHMIDTMAYER, J., Maticový počet a jeho použití v technice, SNTL Praha 1974 (CS)

Recommended reading

HRUZA, B., MRHAČOVÁ, H., Cvičení z algebry a geometrie. Ediční stř. VUT 1993, skriptum. (CS)

Classification of course in study plans

  • Programme BPC-AMT Bachelor's 1 year of study, winter semester, compulsory
  • Programme BPC-SEE Bachelor's 1 year of study, winter semester, compulsory

  • Programme EEKR-CZV lifelong learning

    branch EE-FLE , 1 year of study, winter semester, compulsory

Type of course unit

 

Lecture

26 hod., optionally

Teacher / Lecturer

Syllabus

1. Vektory, vektorové prostory.
2. Matice, algebra matic, determinant matice.
3. Systémy lineárních rovnic.
4. Vlastní čísla a vektory matice.
5. Ortogonalizace, ortogonální projekce.
6. Hermitovské a unitární matice.
7. Definitnost matic, charakteristika pomocí vlastních čísel.
8. Maticové funkce, exponenciála matice, aplikace.
9. Úvod do numerických metod. Numerické řešení nelineárních rovnic (metoda bisekce, Newtonova metoda, metoda prosté iterace).
10. Numerické řešení soustav nelineárních rovnic. Soustavy lineárních rovnic (Gaussova eliminace s výběrem hlavního prvku, Jacobiho a Gaussova-Seidelova iterační metoda).
11. Interpolace: interpolační polynom (Lagrangeův a Newtonův), splajny (lineární a kubický).
12. Metoda nejmenších čtverců. Numerické derivování.
13. Numerické integrování.

Fundamentals seminar

12 hod., compulsory

Teacher / Lecturer

Computer-assisted exercise

14 hod., compulsory

Teacher / Lecturer