Course detail

Physiology of Man

FEKT-BPC-FYZAcad. year: 2021/2022

Human physiology deals with normal functions of human organism, its organs and tissues, cells, cell organellas and molecules. It lays emphasis on how the partial functions are regulated to correspond to the situation at each time and how are simultaneously integrated into the higher, highly improved unit - organism.

Language of instruction

Czech

Number of ECTS credits

6

Mode of study

Not applicable.

Guarantor

prof. Pharm.Dr. Petr Babula, Ph.D.

Department

Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University Brno (LF MU)

Learning outcomes of the course unit

The student is able to describe the various systems of the human organism and processes taking place in it. He is able to apply this knowledge in practice - for example, when interpreting the measured signals. It is also able to describe the different regulatory mechanisms in the human body.

Prerequisites

Knowledge at secondary school level in biology, chemistry and physics.

Co-requisites

Not applicable.

Planned learning activities and teaching methods

Teaching methods depend on the type of course unit as specified in the article 7 of BUT Rules for Studies and Examinations.

Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes

Students must meet a minimum number of points preexam test namely from all areas of physiology to successfully entering the exam. The following is oral examination, conducted in a form of interview with an emphasis on the ability of the student acquired knowledge not only to describe, but mutually and interdisciplinary connect with morphology and knowledge of biochemistry and physics.

Course curriculum

1. General functional principles.
2. Physiology of blood.
3. Physiology of peripheral blood circulation.
4. Respiration.
5. The gastrotestinal tract.
6. Metabolism and nutrition.
7. The excretory system.
8. The endocrine system.
9. Reproduction physiology.
10. The nervous system physiology, brain and behaviour.

Work placements

Not applicable.

Aims

To develop a knowledge of the basic principles of the functioning of a healthy human organism, to explain the basis of processes taking place in it and their mutual regulatory principles.

Specification of controlled education, way of implementation and compensation for absences

Laboratory exercises are mandatory. Absence may be replaced after consultation with the teacher.

Recommended optional programme components

Not applicable.

Prerequisites and corequisites

Not applicable.

Basic literature

KITTNAR, Otomar et al. Lékařská fyziologie. Praha: Grada, 2011. ISBN 978-80-247-3068-4. (CS)
MOUREK, Jindřich. Fyziologie. Praha: Grada, 2012. ISBN 978-80-247-3918-2. (CS)
NOVÁKOVÁ, Zuzana et al. Praktická cvičení z fyziologie. Brno: MU Brno, 2007. ISBN 978-80-210-4391-6. (CS)
SILBERNAGL, Stefan a Agamemnon DESPOPOULOS. Atlas fyziologicke člověka. Praha: Grada, 1993. ISBN 80-247-0630-X. (CS)
WARD, Jeremy a Roger LINDEN. Základy fyziologie. Praha: Galén, 2010. ISBN 978-80-7262-667-0. (CS)
WILHELM, Zdeněk et al. Stručný přehled fyziologie člověka pro bakalářské studijní programy. Brno: MU Brno, 2005. ISBN 978-80-210-5283-3. (CS)
WILHELM, Zdeněk. Praktická cvičení z fyziologie pro bakalářské studijní programy. Brno: MU Brno, 2004. (CS)

Recommended reading

Not applicable.

Classification of course in study plans

  • Programme BPC-BTB Bachelor's 1 year of study, winter semester, compulsory

Type of course unit

 

Lecture

26 hod., optionally

Teacher / Lecturer

prof. Pharm.Dr. Petr Babula, Ph.D.

Syllabus

Introduction to medical physiology. The cell – the cell membrane. The origin of rest membrane tension.
Blood - composition, function. The immune system.
EKG. The heart - morphology, function, the gradient of heart automacy, EKG.
The pumping function of the heart. Blood circulation - small, large, foetal. Specifities in some organs.
Respiration- the mechanics of breathing, vital capacity, transport of gases. Control, hypoxy.
The kidneys - morphology and function of individual sections. The countercurrent system of kidneys.
Functional tests in kidneys. Composition of bodily fluids. Acidobasic equilibrium.
The gastrointestinal tract, metabolism of substrates. Nutrition, obesity.
General control principles, endocrine glands
Regulation of homeostasis, natrium, calcium, glaucom control, water management, energy
Neuron: morphology, structure, mediators. Morphology and function of the spinal cord.
basal ganglia, cerebral cortex. Reflexes.
Higher nervous activity, learning, sleep, memory.

Laboratory exercise

39 hod., compulsory

Teacher / Lecturer

prof. Pharm.Dr. Petr Babula, Ph.D.

Syllabus

Determination of the number of erytrocytes, osmotic resistence, blood groups, concentration of hemoglobin
The stroke of the heart apex, responses. Palpation examination of pulse - changes in work, in changed positions of the body
Electrocardiography, ergometry
Blood pressure in man-noninvasive methods of measurement (the Korotkov oscillometry, the Penaz method)
The digital model of aorta. Spirometry.
Pneumography, pneumotachography.
Determination of the respiratory centre sensitivity to hypoxy and hypercapnia.
Pletysmography (calculation blood flow rate in the lower arm), sfygmography (pulse wave velocity)
Determination of the energetic outlay of organism by measurement and calculation
Evaluation of nutrition
Reflexes in man. Recording of Achilles‘ tendon - mechanical and electrical response
EEG. Electrooculography. Stabilometry.
Reaction time. Examination of optical anuity. Field of vision and the blackspot. Accommodation. Scheiner‘s experiment.