Course detail

Hydraulics

FAST-BRA003Acad. year: 2021/2022

The course provides students with information on fluid behavior and its influence on objects and equipment in hydrostatic and hydrodynamic systems.
The course deals with determination of effects of water on plane and curved surface and information on floatation of bodies.
Findings about flow and motion of water in pipe pressure systems and in systems with free water surface (i.e. flow in natural and artificial open channels). Hydraulics of water structures.
Steady non-uniform and unsteady continuously changing flow in open channels and pipes, filling and emptying of non-prismatic reservoirs and lock chambers. Hydraulics characteristics of the shaft and lateral spillways. Chutes, types of hydraulic jump and design of stilling pools.
Basics of model similitude in fluid mechanics. Selected chapters of object hydraulics and pressure systems hydraulics.
Practical aspects of groundwater flow, principles of continuity. Assumptions accepted for ground water flow solution, simple water intakes, simple models of flow through a dam, solution of system of wells.
The findings are applied in computational and laboratory exercises.

Language of instruction

Czech

Number of ECTS credits

9

Mode of study

Not applicable.

Guarantor

prof. Ing. Jan Šulc, CSc.

Department

Institute of Water Structures (VST-VST)

Learning outcomes of the course unit

The student will be possible to solve the movement of newton type fluids and in addition of unnewton types fluid. Calculations of flow including pressure conditions of flow round (through) bodies. The aim of the course is providing bases for other following specialized course of water management.

Prerequisites

Intermediate level knowledge of physics, mathematics, mechanics, earth materials mechanics, civil structures mechanics and statics.

Co-requisites

Not applicable.

Planned learning activities and teaching methods

Not applicable.

Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes

Not applicable.

Course curriculum

1. Properties of liquids. Relative rest fluids. Differential equation of motion of ideal and real fluid.
2. Mechanical energy losses caused by liquid flow. Influence of hydraulic elements distance on the mechanical energy losses.
3. Free and submerged water jets, flow around bodies. Action of water flow on surfaces. Application of impulse theory.
4. Overflow of basic and special types of weirs, movable spillway constructions capacity. Overflow of water with high submergence factor.
5. Emptying of tanks, non-prismatic reservoirs. Filling and emptying of lock chambers. Continuously changing unsteady flow. Shock waves in open channels. Shock waves in pipes, direct and indirect hydraulic shock. Time slope of shock wave.
6. Pipe systems, pump design, flow cavitation.
7. Hydraulic jump in prismatic and non-prismatic channel. Supercritical flow in channels and spillways, aeration of water flow.
8. Flow in bridge profiles and culverts.
9. Shock waves in open channels. Shock waves in pipes, direct and indirect hydraulic shock. Time slope of shock wave.
10. Flow close to inlets, downflow baffle.
11. Flow of non-newton fluids, bingham and non-bingham matter flow.
12. Basics of model similarity in fluid mechanics. Limit conditions of the similarity on the hydraulics models.
13. Darcy’s equation, filtration coefficient, specific leakage and mean velocity of water flow in voids. Hydraulics of wells in steady state.

Work placements

Not applicable.

Aims

Overview of rest and movement of newton type fluids and in addition of unnewton types fluid. Basic calculations of flow including pressure conditions of flow round (through) bodies. The course provides bases for other following specialized course of water management.

Specification of controlled education, way of implementation and compensation for absences

Extent and forms are specified by guarantor’s regulation updated for every academic year.

Recommended optional programme components

Not applicable.

Prerequisites and corequisites

Not applicable.

Basic literature

Not applicable.

Recommended reading

Not applicable.

Classification of course in study plans

  • Programme BPC-SI Bachelor's

    specialization V , 3 year of study, winter semester, compulsory

Type of course unit

 

Lecture

52 hod., optionally

Teacher / Lecturer

prof. Ing. Jan Šulc, CSc.

Syllabus

1. Properties of liquids. Relative rest fluids. Differential equation of motion of ideal and real fluid. 2. Mechanical energy losses caused by liquid flow. Influence of hydraulic elements distance on the mechanical energy losses. 3. Free and submerged water jets, flow around bodies. Action of water flow on surfaces. Application of impulse theory. 4. Overflow of basic and special types of weirs, movable spillway constructions capacity. Overflow of water with high submergence factor. 5. Emptying of tanks, non-prismatic reservoirs. Filling and emptying of lock chambers. Continuously changing unsteady flow. Shock waves in open channels. Shock waves in pipes, direct and indirect hydraulic shock. Time slope of shock wave. 6. Pipe systems, pump design, flow cavitation. 7. Hydraulic jump in prismatic and non-prismatic channel. Supercritical flow in channels and spillways, aeration of water flow. 8. Flow in bridge profiles and culverts. 9. Shock waves in open channels. Shock waves in pipes, direct and indirect hydraulic shock. Time slope of shock wave. 10. Flow close to inlets, downflow baffle. 11. Flow of non-newton fluids, bingham and non-bingham matter flow. 12. Basics of model similarity in fluid mechanics. Limit conditions of the similarity on the hydraulics models. 13. Darcy’s equation, filtration coefficient, specific leakage and mean velocity of water flow in voids. Hydraulics of wells in steady state.

Exercise

52 hod., compulsory

Teacher / Lecturer

prof. Ing. Jan Šulc, CSc.

Syllabus

1. Computation of fluids characteristics in relative rest. Hydrostatic force calculation. 2. Computation of mechanical energy losses caused by liquid flow. 3. Computation of trajectory and shape of free and submerged water jets. 4. Overflow of basic and special types of weirs, movable spillway constructions capacity computation. Overflow of water with high submergence factor. 5. Emptying of prismatic and non-prismatic tanks. Filling and emptying of reservoirs. 6. Computation of flow dividing and combining, pump design, cavitation of wetted surface. 7. Hydraulic jump in prismatic and non-prismatic channel. 8. Computation of the stilling basin. 9. Supercritical flow in channels and spillways, aeration of water flow. 10. Flow in bridge profiles and culverts computation. 11. Time slope of shock wave in pipes computation. 12. Computing of the inlet safety and critical submerging. 13. Darcy’s equation application, specific leakage. Capacity of wells in steady state.