Course detail

Geophysics and Geodynamics

FAST-HE02Acad. year: 2022/2023

Subject of geophysics studies, placing of the Earth in space, Earth´s motions, fundamental physical laws.
Basics of theory of fields, scalar and vector field, gradient, divergency and rotation of field quantities. Gravitational potential, intensity of gravity field of a mass point, homogeneous sphere, and general body.
Basics of spherical functions theory.
Gravity field of the Earth, its intensity and potential, expansion of potential into spherical functions. Field of Earth´s gravitational force and its potential. Level surfaces of the gravity force potential. Normal Earth´s gravity force field, normal gravitational acceleration, its reductions. Fay and Bouguer anomalies. Basics of gravimetry, types and principles of gravity meters.
Fundamental equation of physical geodesy, geoid and quasigeoid.
Physical fundamentals of seismic phenomena, registration and parameters of earthquakes, model of the Earth, discontinuity surfaces. Magnetic and electric field of the Earth. Geomagnetic and geoelectric surveys.

Language of instruction

Czech

Number of ECTS credits

5

Mode of study

Not applicable.

Guarantor

doc. RNDr. Lubomil Pospíšil, CSc.

Department

Institute of Geodesy (GED)

Learning outcomes of the course unit

The Student manages aim of teaching of geophysics and geodynamics if knowledge of physical processes and properties of the Earth body, and of methods for determination of basic geophysical parameters will be adequate

Prerequisites

Knowledge of fundamentals of theory of physical fields. Knowledge of the fundamentals of geology and Remote Sensing. Knowledge of fundamentals of theoretical geodesy.

Co-requisites

Not applicable.

Planned learning activities and teaching methods

Not applicable.

Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes

Not applicable.

Course curriculum

1. Subject of geophysics, placing of the Earth in space, Earth´s motions, fundamental physical laws.
2. Basics of theory of fields, scalar and vector field.
3. Gravitational potential, gravity field of a mass point, sphere, and general body.
4. Basics of spherical functions theory.
5. Gravity field of the Earth, its intensity and potential, expansion of potential into spherical functions.
6. Field of Earth´s gravitational force and its potential. Level surfaces of the gravity force potential.
7. Normal Earth´s gravity force field, normal gravitational acceleration.
8. Reductions of gravity acceleration. Fay and Bouguer anomalies.
9. Basics of gravimetry, types and principles of gravity meters.
10. Fundamental equation of physical geodesy, geoid and quasigeoid.
11. Physical fundamentals of seismic phenomena, registration and parameters of earthquakes, model of the Earth, discontinuity surfaces.
12. Magnetic and electric field of the Earth.
13. Geomagnetic and geoelectric surveys.

Work placements

Not applicable.

Aims

Knowledge of physical properties of the Earth body, and of methods for determination of basic geophysical parameters.

Specification of controlled education, way of implementation and compensation for absences

Extent and forms are specified by guarantor’s regulation updated for every academic year.

Recommended optional programme components

Not applicable.

Prerequisites and corequisites

Not applicable.

Basic literature

Andreev, B.A. , Kljušin, I.G.: Geologičeskoje istolkovanie gravitacionnych anomalii. Moskva, Nedra, 1965. (RU)
Bullen, K.E.: Introduction to the Theory of Seismology. Cambridge University Press, 1953. (EN)
Burša, M., Pěč, K.: Tíhové pole a dynamika Země. ACADEMIA, Praha, 1988. (CS)
Pospíšil L.: Geofyzika a geodynamika, MODUL #1 , HE02 - GEOFYZIKA A GEODYNAMIKA. VUT, Fakulta stavební, Brno, 2007. (CS)
Pospíšil, L, Šutora, A.: PRAKTICKÁ GEOFYZIKA, Učební texty pro geodety, GRAVIMETRIE. Akademické nakladatelství CERM, s.r.o. Brno, 2002. (CS)
Pospíšil, L, Šutora, A.: PRAKTICKÁ GEOFYZIKA, Učební texty pro geodety, ÚVOD DO UŽITÉ GEOFYZIKY. Akademické nakladatelství CERM, s.r.o. Brno, 2003. (CS)

Recommended reading

Burger, H. R.: Exploration Geophysics of the Shallow Subsurface. Prentice Hall P. T., 1992. (EN)
LaCoste & Romberg: General Catalog. Austin, Texas, 1997.
Lillie, R.J.: Whole Earth Geophysics. Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 1999. (EN)
Mareš S. , et al.: Úvod do užité geofyziky. SNTL a ALFA. Praha, 1979. (CS)
Mareš, S. a kol.: Geofyzikální metody v hydrogeologii a inženýrské geologii. SNTL/Alfa, Praha, 1983. (CS)
Ochaba, Š.: GEOFYZIKA. Základy fyziky Země a jej okolia. SPN - Bratislava, 1986. (SK)
Sheriff, R.E.: Geophysical methods. Prentice Hall, N.J., 1989. (EN)
Schenk, V., and Schenková, Z.: Maps of Seismic Zones in Recent Czech National Codes. Journal of Exploration Geophysics, Remote Sensing and Environment: ročník IV. No. 2/1997, Brno, 1997. (EN)
Telford, W. M., Geldart L. P., and Sheriff R. E.: Applied Geophysics, 2nd ed.. Cambridge University Press, 1990.
Wiegel, R.: Earthquake Engineering. Prentice Hall, 1970. (EN)
(CS)

Classification of course in study plans

  • Programme N-P-C-GK Master's

    branch GD , 1 year of study, winter semester, compulsory

Type of course unit

 

Lecture

26 hod., optionally

Teacher / Lecturer

doc. RNDr. Lubomil Pospíšil, CSc.

Syllabus

1. Subject of geophysics, placing of the Earth in space, Earth´s motions, fundamental physical laws. 2. Basics of theory of fields, scalar and vector field. 3. Gravitational potential, gravity field of a mass point, sphere, and general body. 4. Basics of spherical functions theory. 5. Gravity field of the Earth, its intensity and potential, expansion of potential into spherical functions. 6. Field of Earth´s gravitational force and its potential. Level surfaces of the gravity force potential. 7. Normal Earth´s gravity force field, normal gravitational acceleration. 8. Reductions of gravity acceleration. Fay and Bouguer anomalies. 9. Basics of gravimetry, types and principles of gravity meters. 10. Fundamental equation of physical geodesy, geoid and quasigeoid. 11. Physical fundamentals of seismic phenomena, registration and parameters of earthquakes, model of the Earth, discontinuity surfaces. 12. Magnetic and electric field of the Earth. 13. Geomagnetic and geoelectric surveys.

Exercise

26 hod., compulsory

Teacher / Lecturer

doc. RNDr. Lubomil Pospíšil, CSc.

Syllabus

A -1 day in week -2 hours: 1.Construction of the Geological-geophysical section 2.Measuring of the Gravity base network and calibration of the Gravimeter 3.Measuring and processing of the daily gravity profiles 4.Calculation of the Bouguer and Faye reductions, Normal Acceleration of the Earth field and the Gravity anomalies 5.Calculation of the Topographic corrections T1, T3 6.Construction of the Gravity maps in analog and GIS form (Qualitative interpretation) 7.The Transforming of the Gravity field, Filtering of Anoimalous field, residual and regional anomalies 8.Direct problem of gravimetry 9.Inverse problem of gravimetry 10.Using of the geophysical SWs - GeolModel, GravModel, MagModel 11.Complex interpretation of the Geophysical-geological models 12.Interpretation of the reflection seismic sections