Course detail

Distribution Equipment

FEKT-MPA-RZBAcad. year: 2022/2023

The first part of course is dedicated to switchgears in electrical substations focusing on their schemes, design and properties, but also on branches equipment and service operations. Practical experience students gain by working on projects, in which they solve examples of switchgear busbar dimensioning or checking of overhead line conductors. The power system protections are discussed in the second part of the course. Working in laboratories where students get familiar with the selected electric protection is a practical experience. In the end the course also deals with an introduction to the high voltage technology, which is related to dielectric strength of distribution equipment.

Language of instruction

English

Number of ECTS credits

7

Mode of study

Not applicable.

Guarantor

doc. Ing. Jaroslava Orságová, Ph.D.

Department

Department of Electrical Power Engineering (UEEN)

Learning outcomes of the course unit

Graduates of this course should be able
- characterize basic types of transmission and distribution networks,
- explain the differences in the arrangement of busbar systems of switchgears,
- list the basic conditions for blocking the apparatus in switchgear branches
- apply the basic aspects of power lines dimensioning,
- explain the principles of the basic types of electrical protection,
- explain the effect of current transformers to the electrical protections.

Prerequisites

For this course they are primarily required knowledge of these subjects
- Electrical power distribution - parameters of the basic elements of the power system, losses in the line, characteristic values of short-circuit currents,
- Technical Mechanics - mechanics of non-rigid bodies,
- Mathematics of 1st and 2nd year of bachelor study.

Co-requisites

Not applicable.

Planned learning activities and teaching methods

Techning methods include lectures, computer laboratories and practical laboratories. Course is taking advantage of e-learning (Moodle) system. Students have to write a two projects/assignments during the course.

Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes

The final evaluation of this subject consists of:
- assessment of the final credit test (30%),
- evaluation of laboratory protocols (20%)
- assessment of the final oral exam (50%)
The student needs at least half of the maximum number of points in each activity evaluated to successfully pass the subject.

Course curriculum

1. Introduction - substations as part of power system, nominal voltages, operation mode of distribution networks, basic electrical schemes and parameters of switchgears.
2. Switchgears bays facilities - features and applications. Operation manipulation in substation.
3. Technology version of HV and MV substation - outdoor and indoor substation, gas-insulated, hybrid.
4. Cables and overhead lines - materials, construction, classification codes
5. Cables and overhead lines accessories.
6. Conductors designing in respect to maximum operating temperature of cable core.
7. Conductors designing in respect to short circuits effects.
8. Mechanical design of overhead lines.
9. Electrical protection theory - Fundamentals terms and classifications.
10. Types of electrical protection for electrical devices in distribution system.
11. Overvoltage in distribution system and protections against overvoltage.
12. Electrical strength of switchgears and lines, insulation coordination.

Work placements

Not applicable.

Aims

The aim of the course is to give students basic information about equipment for electrical energy distribution and learn them basic techniques and principles for the design of power lines. Furthermore, students should get familiar with the principles of electrical protection for the protection of power systems devices.

Specification of controlled education, way of implementation and compensation for absences

Labs are compulsory; correctly excused absence can be replaced by arrangment with the teacher.

Recommended optional programme components

Not applicable.

Prerequisites and corequisites

Not applicable.

Basic literature

Bernd M. Buchholz, Zbigniew A. Styczynski. Smart Grids. Springer 2020. ISBN: 978-3-662-60930-9. Bernd M. BuchholzZbigniew A. Styczynski Bernd M. BuchholzZbigniew A. Styczynski Bernd M. BuchholzZbigniew A. Styczynski Smart Grids (EN)
McDonald, J. D. Electric Power Substations Engineering. 3rd Edition. CRC Press May 16, 2012. ISBN 9781439856383. (EN)
Noháčová, L., Mertlová, J. Electrical Substation and Lines. 1st Edition. BEN – technická literatura, Praha 2010. ISBN 978-80-730-265-7. (EN)

Recommended reading

Blackburn, J. L., Domin, T. J. Protective Relaying: Principles and Applications. 4th Edition. CRC Press 2014. ISBN 978-1439888117. (EN)

Classification of course in study plans

  • Programme MPA-EAK Master's 1 year of study, winter semester, compulsory-optional

Type of course unit

 

Lecture

26 hod., optionally

Teacher / Lecturer

doc. Ing. Jaroslava Orságová, Ph.D.

Syllabus

1. Introduction - substations as part of power system, nominal voltages, operation mode of distribution networks, basic electrical schemes and parameters of switchgears.
2. Switchgears bays facilities - features and applications. Operation manipulation in substation.
3. Technology version of HV and MV substation - outdoor and indoor substation, gas-insulated, hybrid.
4. Cables and overhead lines - materials, construction, classification codes
5. Cables and overhead lines accessories.
6. Conductors designing in respect to maximum operating temperature of cable core.
7. Conductors designing in respect to short circuits effects.
8. Mechanical design of overhead lines.
9. State equation - solution methods of state equation.
10. Electrical protection theory - Fundamentals terms and classifications.
11. Types of electrical protection for electrical devices in distribution system.
12. Overvoltage in distribution system and protections against overvoltage.
13. Electrical strength of switchgears and lines, insulation coordination.

Fundamentals seminar

24 hod., compulsory

Teacher / Lecturer

doc. Ing. Jaroslava Orságová, Ph.D.

Syllabus

1. Installed capacity of switchgears and group of consumers.
2. Installed transformer station.
3. Dimensioning of power cables and insulatin conductors
4. Dimensioning of flat conductors for busbars.
5. Conductors protection in electric power distribution - overloading and short-circuit protection, assigning of protective elements.
6. Steel reinforced aluminium conductors sizing with respect to current and mechanical load.
7. Excursion in a high voltage switchgear.
8. Excursion in a high voltage laboratory.

Laboratory exercise

15 hod., compulsory

Teacher / Lecturer

doc. Ing. Jaroslava Orságová, Ph.D.

Syllabus

1. Overcurrent protection testing.
2. Measuring of distance protection characteristic.
3. Measuring of differential protection.
4. Switchgears apparatus blocking by means of feeder terminal.
5. Replacement laboratory measurement.