Essentials of the optical and opto-electronic components for communication and signal processing. Light generation, emission and absorption. Basics of laser technology, light amplification, gass discharge lasers, optically pumped lasers, construction, features, applications. Principles and features of the semiconductor electro-optic components , non-coherent emittors, semiconductor lasers, optical detectors. Principles of the light propagation in isotropic and anisotropic matters, atmospheric light propagation. Planar and fibre waveguides. Principles of the optical transmission of the analog and digital signals. Main parameters of the fibre optic transmission link and atmospheric laser links. Optical communication in LAN and telco networks. Technology principles of fotonics in data processing and sensing.