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FEKT-MPA-MOLAcad. year: 2024/2025
Course is conceived as an introduction into molecular biology. It gives the explanation of processes on molecular level in relation to the basic functions of living systems (procaryotic as well as eucaryotic organisms and viruses). On the whole, the general molecular processes occuring in living systems are emphasized with respect to the specificities characteristic of the main groups of living systems (bacteria, archea, plants, animals and viruses).
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Offered to foreign students
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Classification of course in study plans
specialization NBIO , 0 year of study, winter semester, elective
Lecture
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Syllabus
1. Introduction to study of molecular biology, genesis and development. Cell, chemical composition, chemical energy, proteins: structure and function, structure and function of nucleic acid.2. Genetic information, genetic code, definition of gene, types of genes, structure and information content of genomes.3. Replication of DNA (enzymes and mechanism).4. Transcription of prokaryotes and eukaryotes, posttranscription of RNA.5. Translation, transfer RNA, ribosomes, co-translation and post-translation processes.6. Regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes, structure and characteristics of promoters, positive and negative operon regulation, attenuation.7. Regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes, transcription factors, transcriptional enhancers. Cell division, control of the cell cycle.8. Molecular basis of immune molecule formation.9. Cell signaling (signaling molecules, receptors, signaling pathways). Membrane structure, substance transport across membranes, cell-to-cell communication.10. Genetic information changes, mutations, general and site-specific recombination, repair of mutation-damaged DNA.11. Mobile elements (prokaryotic and eukaryotic transposons, retrotransposons). Tissues.12. Fundamentals of genetic engineering, preparation of transgenic organisms and their applications, in vitro mutagenesis, preparation of biopreparations using genetic engineering methods, gene therapy.13. Basics of using biochemical methods in molecular biology.
Laboratory exercise