Computational modelling of materials is an indispensable tool to understand the relationship between microstructure and physical properties of materials. Atomic models based on empirical and semiempirical potentials represent essential and frequently used tools for computer simulations of nanostructures such as nanotubes, epitaxial films or graphene, studies of radiation damage and the motion of dislocations under stress. Spin-based models investigated using the Monte Carlo method and continuum mesoscopic models are standard approaches to study the ordering of solid solutions, phase transitions in multiferroics and their changes caused by crystal lattice defects. Macroscopic studies employing the Finite Element Method, which are often enriched by the results of atomistic and mesoscopic studies, represent an essential tool for the prediction of macroscopic behavior of real-world structures. This course provides a broad overview of the basic theoretical methods used in computational modelling of materials from the level of interacting atoms to the continuum macroscopic description, including postprocessing and visualizations of results. An important part of the course is to gain practical experience with these approaches through a series of exercises (implementation, solution and analysis of each model problem), and through individual problem assignments.