Course detail

Physics 1

FEKT-BKC-FY1Acad. year: 2024/2025

The course Physics 1 deals at first with basis of particle mechanics. Gained knowledge is used to study the influence of physical fields on particle motion. Significant part of the subject is focused on electric and magnetic fields, their formation, laws and mutual nature leading to the concept of electromagnetic field and Maxwell’s equations.

Language of instruction

Czech

Number of ECTS credits

Mode of study

Not applicable.

Guarantor

Mgr. Naděžda Bogatyreva, Ph.D.

Department

Department of Physics (UFYZ)

Entry knowledge

Within the scope of standard secondary school requirements students should
- have knowledge of basic principles and laws of mechanics , electricity and magnetism,
- be able to explain basic principles and laws of mechanics , electricity and magnetism,
- be able to apply basic laws of mechanics to simple motion of particles, to apply laws of electricity and magnetism to simple electric circuits.

Mathematical requirements:
Students should be able to discuss basic concepts of secondary school algebra and geometry, to calculate linear equations and to apply basic goniometric functions.

Rules for evaluation and completion of the course

Study evaluation is based on marks obtained for specified items.
Final classification – max. 100 pts.
Semester:
Laboratories up to 10 pts.
Homeworks up to 25 pts. (5 homeworks from tutorials)
For obtaining the credit it is necessary to measure out and to evaluate the given number of experimental problems and submit tutorials homeworks.
Exam:
Up to 65 pts.
Exam has written form, it consists of the test with selection questions, a theoretical part and examples. To pass the exam it is necessary to gain at least 6 points in theoretical part and in examples.
Attendance in seminars is compulsory. Excused seminars can be made up.
The content and forms of instruction in the evaluated course are specified by a regulation issued by the lecturer responsible for the course and updated for every academic year.

Aims

The aim of the course is to provide students with a clear and logical interpretation of the basic physical concepts and laws of mechanics, electricity and magnetism. To reinforce the understanding of these concepts and laws through a wide range of interesting applications.

The graduate of the course is able to:

- define the concepts of kinematics and particle dynamics, electric and magnetic fields using differential and integral calculus,

- describe the basic laws and principles in these areas,

- discuss the conditions for the application of the laws of mechanics, electricity and magnetism, explain the relationships between them and distinguish which form of laws is advantageous to apply in a given field,

- apply the laws studied in their interrelationships, classify the forces acting in electric and magnetic fields and calculate simple trajectories of charged particles in these fields,

- apply the laws studied in the physics laboratory,

- compare and analyse the laws of electric and magnetic fields. They can explain their common nature and explain why we talk about the electromagnetic field described by Maxwell's equations.

Study aids

Not applicable.

Prerequisites and corequisites

Not applicable.

Basic literature

Fyzika 1. Studijní materiály k přednáškám, cvičením a laboratornímu cvičení. Stránka předmětu na eLearningu VUT. (CS)
Halliday D., Resnick R., Walker J.: Fyzika, 2 vázané svazky. Vysoké učení technické v Brně, Vutium, Brno, 2013 a 2019, Překlad 8. orig. vydání (CS)
Halliday D., Resnick R., Walker J.: Fyzika, 5 brožovaných svazků. Vysoké učení technické v Brně, Vutium, Prometheus Praha, 2000, 2003, 2006, Překlad 5. orig. vydání. (CS)

Type of course unit

Lecture

26 hod., optionally

Teacher / Lecturer

Mgr. Naděžda Bogatyreva, Ph.D.

Syllabus

Equation of motion and its application. Work, energy, and power.
Conservation laws. Collisions.
Gravitational field.
Electric charge, Coulomb's law. Electric field, field lines.
Point charge and electric dipole in an electric field. Gauss' law of electrostatics.
Capacitance. Electrostatic field in dielectrics. Energy in electric field.
Electric current, continuity relation. Ohm's law.
Electromotive force, work and power of electric current. Electric current in materials.
Magnetic field generated by electric current, Biot-Savart's law, magnetic field lines.
Ampere's law, force action of magnetic field.
Gauss' law for magnetic field. Magnetic field in materials.
Faraday's induction law. Coils and inductance.
Integral form of Maxwell's equations in vacuum and in dielectrics.

Fundamentals seminar

7 hod., compulsory

Teacher / Lecturer

Mgr. Naděžda Bogatyreva, Ph.D.

Syllabus

Equation of motion, conservation laws in mechanics, collisions.
Electric field. Gauss' law of electrostatics.
Magnetic field generated by electric current, Ampere's law. Force action of magnetic field.
Gauss' law for magnetic field. Faraday's induction law.

Exercise in computer lab

6 hod., compulsory

Teacher / Lecturer

Mgr. Naděžda Bogatyreva, Ph.D.

Syllabus

Motion of a mass point particle in homogenous gravitational field.
Electrostatic field modelling - electric field and potential.
Motion of charged particles in stationary magnetic field.

Laboratory exercise

26 hod., compulsory

Teacher / Lecturer

Mgr. Naděžda Bogatyreva, Ph.D.

Syllabus

The rules of work in the laboratory. Evaluation and presentation of measurements.
Determination of the moment of inertia. Conservation laws for angular momentum and mechanical energy.
Gravitational acceleration - Reversion pendulum.
Speed of light.
Elementary charge.
Temperature dependence of resistance of metals and semiconductors. Thermistor.
Superconductivity.
Magnetic field around a conductor. Force action of the magnetic field.
Magnetic properties of materials.
Hall's effect.
Absorption of light.
Polarized light, interference of light, laser.
Seminar, seminar work presentation.

VUT

Faculties

University Institutes

Parts

Physics 1

Type of course unit