Course detail

Basics of Laboratory Practice

FCH-BC_ZLPAcad. year: 2025/2026

Theoretical and practical basics of laboratory techniques.
Laboratory safety, first aid and disposal of chemical wastes. Laboratory equipment, basic laboratory operations: working with glass, weighing, measuring volumes of liquids and gases, heating and cooling, annealing, preparation of the solutions and titration, separation of components of heterogeneous mixtures (decantation, filtration), separating components of homogeneous mixtures (crystallization, distillation), further separation and purification techniques (drying, extraction, sublimation, recrystallization), measurement of physical quantities (melting point, refractive index, density, pH).

Language of instruction

Czech

Number of ECTS credits

4

Mode of study

Not applicable.

Guarantor

Ing. Radoslav Novotný, Ph.D.

Department

Institute of Materials Science (ÚCHM)

Entry knowledge

Not applicable.

Rules for evaluation and completion of the course

Laboratory reports, tests, style of the work, the final test. At least 50 % in the written examination is required to achieve.
Classification is made using ECTS scale.

It is necessary to complete all the exercises. Due to illness is a possible replacement in the other study group.

Aims

Theoretically and practically students are familiar with the basic laboratory equipment and basic laboratory techniques.
Students will get basic knowledge of commonly used laboratory techniques and basic laboratory equipment. Students will have practical knowledge of basic operations that are used in the chemical laboratory.

Study aids

Not applicable.

Prerequisites and corequisites

Not applicable.

Basic literature

B. Kábelová a kol.: Laboratorní technika II, VUTIUM, Brno 1999, ISBN 80-214-1450-2 (CS)

Recommended reading

Not applicable.

Classification of course in study plans

  • Programme BKCP_ECHBM Bachelor's 2 year of study, winter semester, compulsory
  • Programme BPCP_ECHBM Bachelor's 2 year of study, winter semester, compulsory

Type of course unit

 

Seminar

13 hod., compulsory

Teacher / Lecturer

Ing. Radoslav Novotný, Ph.D.

Syllabus

Introduction, credit conditions classified.
The theoretical part of the training:
Laboratory safety, first aid and disposal of chemical wastes. Globally Harmonized System (GHS). Color marking of gas cylinders. Basic laboratory equipment (lab equipment, glass, porcelain).
Working with glass. Working with scales. Volume measuring of liquids and gases. Approximate measuring volumes of liquids. Working with dispenser and automatic pipette. Principles of work with a standard glass (graduated cylinders, volumetric flasks, pipettes, burettes). Working with automatic burette. Heating and cooling. Direct heating, gas and alcohol burners. Electric heat source. Indirect heating (liquid, steam, air and other bath). Annealing. Cooling (coolant, cooling media).
Separation of components of heterogeneous mixtures (decantation, filtration).The methods of filtration. Separation of the components of homogenous mixtures (crystallization, distillation). Types of crystallization. Distillation (simple distillation, fractional distillation, rectification, steam distillation, distillation under reduced pressure). Further separation and purification techniques (drying, extraction, sublimation and recrystallization). Measurement of physical quantities (melting point, refractive index, density, pH).
The practical part of the training:
Laboratory notes. Laboratory equipment. Working with glass. Measuring volumes of liquids. Filtration - gravity filtration. Weighing. Temperature measurement. Heating. Cooling. Filtration - vacuum filtration. Saturated solution, solubility curve. Evaporation, crystallization - types. Drying.
Filtration (Büchner funnel), decanting, dehydrating. Determination of melting point. Annealing.
Sublimation. Extraction. Determination of index of refraction. Determination of density. Preparation of solutions with accurate concentrations. Titration - byrettes, pH measuring. Distillation (simple distillation).
The final test.
Detailed Synopsis on the e-learning.

Laboratory exercise

26 hod., compulsory

Teacher / Lecturer

Ing. Radoslav Novotný, Ph.D.

Syllabus

Praktická část:
Záznamy o laboratorní práci (pracovní sešity, protokoly). Vybavení laboratoře.
Práce se sklem, měření objemu kapalin.
Filtrace za normálního tlaku. Vážení (předvážky). Test - laboratorní pomůcky. Zahřívání (kahany, aparatura). Měření teploty. Chlazení.
Příprava roztoku, nasycený roztok, křivka rozpustnosti. Filtrace (nálevka pro filtraci za horka).
Rušená krystalizace. Filtrace za sníženého tlaku (nuč s fritou). Sušení (infralampa, sušárny). Dekantace. Filtrace za sníženého tlaku (Büchnerova nálevka). Žíhání. Stanovení bodu tání. Sublimace. Sušení (stlačený vzduch).
Extrakce – kontinuální (Soxhlet), jednorázová (dělicí nálevka). Stanovení indexu lomu. Stanovení hustoty pyknometricky, hustoměrem. Vážení (analytické váhy).
Příprava roztoků o přesné koncentraci, titrační stanovení přesné koncentrace (přímá byreta, automatická byreta). Stanovení pH. Destilace (prostá destilace).
Závěrečný test.
Podrobná osnova předmětu na e-learningu.