Course detail

Advanced Mathematics

FIT-IAMAcad. year: 2025/2026

The course is a follow-up to compulsory mathematical courses at FIT. Students learn how to use mathematics methods on several subjects closely related to computer science. These are mainly number theory and its application in cryptography, basic set theory and logic, logical systems and decision procedures with applications in e.g. databases or software engineering, probability, statistics, and their applications in the analysis of probabilistic systems and artificial intelligence. 

Language of instruction

Czech

Number of ECTS credits

5

Mode of study

Not applicable.

Guarantor

doc. Mgr. Lukáš Holík, Ph.D.

Department

Department of Intelligent Systems (UITS)

Entry knowledge

Basic knowledge of sets, relations, propositional and predicate logic, algebra, and finite automata.

Rules for evaluation and completion of the course

Two tests, midterm and final (25 points per test), activity during exercises (5 points per exercise).

Aims

  • Practice mathematical writing and thinking, formulation of problems and solving them,
  • obtain deeper insight into several areas of mathematics with applications in computer science,
  • learn on examples that complicated mathematics can lead to useful algorithms and tools.

The ability to exactly and formally specify and solve problems, formally prove claims; also better understanding of the basic mathematical concepts, an overview of several areas of mathematics important in computer science.  Improving the abilities of exact thinking, expressing ideas, and using a mathematical apparatus.

Study aids

Not applicable.

Prerequisites and corequisites

Basic literature

A.R. Bradley, Z. Manna. The Calculus of Computation. Springer, 2007.
D. P. Bertsekas, J. N. Tsitsiklis. Introduction to Probability, Athena Scientific, 2008.
M. Huth, M. Ryan. Logic in Computer Science. Modelling and Reasoning about Systems. Cambridge University Press, 2004.

Recommended reading

A. Doxiadis, C. Papadimitriou. Logicomix: An Epic Search for Truth. Bloomsbury, 2009.
B. Balcar, P. Štěpánek. Teorie množin. Academia, 2005.
C. M. Grinstead, J. L. Snell. Introduction to probability. American Mathematical Soc., 2012.
G. Chartrand, A. D. Polimeni, P. Zhang. Mathematical Proofs: A Transition to Advanced Mathematics, 2013
R. Smullyan. First-Order Logic. Dover, 1995.
Steven Roman. Lattices and Ordered Sets, Springer-Verlag New York, 2008.

Classification of course in study plans

  • Programme BIT Bachelor's 2 year of study, summer semester, elective
  • Programme BIT Bachelor's 2 year of study, summer semester, elective

Type of course unit

 

Lecture

26 hod., optionally

Teacher / Lecturer

doc. RNDr. Dana Hliněná, Ph.D.
Ing. Ondřej Lengál, Ph.D.
doc. Mgr. Lukáš Holík, Ph.D.
doc. RNDr. Milan Češka, Ph.D.
Ing. Roman Andriushchenko

Syllabus

  1. Axioms of set theory, the axiom of choice. Countable and uncountable sets, cardinal numbers. (Dana Hliněná)
  2. Application of number theory in cryptography. (Dana Hliněná)
  3. Number theory: prime numbers, Fermat's little theorem, Euler's function. (Dana Hliněná)
  4. Propositional logic. Syntax and semantics. Proof techniques for propositional logic: syntax tables, natural deduction, resolution. (Ondřej Lengál)
  5. Predicate logic. Syntax and semantics. Proof techniques for predicate logic: semantic tables, natural deduction. (Ondřej Lengál)
  6. Predicate logic. Craig interpolation. Important theories. Undecidability. Higher order logic. (Ondřej Lengál)
  7. Hoare logic. Precondition, postcondition. Invariant. Deductive verification of programs. (Ondřej Lengál)
  8. Decision procedures in logic: Classical decision procedures for arithmetics over integers and over rationals. (Lukáš Holík)
  9. Automata-based decision procedures for arithmetics and for WS1S (Lukáš Holík)
  10. Decision procedures for combined theories. (Lukáš Holík)
  11. Advanced combinatorics: inclusion and exclusion, Dirichlet's principle, chosen combinatorial theorems. (Milan Češka)
  12. Conditional probability, statistical inference, Bayesian networks. (Milan Češka)
  13. Probabilistic processes: Markov and Poisson process. Applications in informatics: quantitative analysis, performance analysis.

Fundamentals seminar

18 hod., compulsory

Teacher / Lecturer

doc. Mgr. Lukáš Holík, Ph.D.
doc. RNDr. Milan Češka, Ph.D.
doc. RNDr. Dana Hliněná, Ph.D.
Ing. Roman Andriushchenko

Syllabus

  1. Proofs in set theory, Cantor's diagonalization, matching, Hilbert's hotel.
  2. Prime numbers and cryptography, RSA, DSA, cyphers.
  3. Proofs in number theory, Chinese remainder theorem.
  4. Proofs in propositional logic.
  5. Proofs in predicate logic.
  6. Decision procedures.
  7. Computer labs 1.
  8. Computer labs 2.
  9. Automata decision procedures and combination theories.
  10. Computer labs 3.
  11. Proofs in combinatorics.
  12. Conditional probability and statistical inference in practice.
  13. Computer labs 4.

Exercise in computer lab

8 hod., compulsory

Teacher / Lecturer

doc. Mgr. Lukáš Holík, Ph.D.
Ing. Roman Andriushchenko
Ing. Ondřej Lengál, Ph.D.
doc. RNDr. Milan Češka, Ph.D.
doc. RNDr. Dana Hliněná, Ph.D.

Syllabus

  1. Proving programs corrects in VCC.
  2. SAT and SMT solvers.
  3. Tools MONA and Vampire.
  4. Analysis of probabilistic systems, PRISM.