Course detail

Computer Graphics Principles

FIT-IZGAcad. year: 2025/2026

Overview of fundamental principles of computer graphics (vector and raster based) and his consequence for real graphical applications. Basic operations to be performed in 2D and 3D computer graphics. Specification of principles and usage of main graphical interfaces. Methods and algorithms for drawing lines, circles and curves (Bezier and NURBS) in 2D. Principles of closed areas clipping and filling. Methods and solutions for 2D/3D object transformations, visibility problem, lighting, shading and texturing. Basics of the photorealistic rendering of 3D scenes. Different methods of 3D geometry representation. Alias in computer graphics and antialiasing methods.

Language of instruction

Czech

Number of ECTS credits

6

Mode of study

Not applicable.

Guarantor

doc. Ing. Michal Španěl, Ph.D.

Department

Department of Computer Graphics and Multimedia (UPGM)

Entry knowledge

  • It is essential to have basic knowledge of programming in C language.

Rules for evaluation and completion of the course

  • Project - 20 points.
    • The project needs to be submitted to the faculty information system and is evaluated at the end of the semester.
  • Evaluated laboratory tasks, 6 x 3 bodů - 18 points.
  • Midterm test - 10 point.
  • Final written examination - 52 points.
    • Minimum for the final written examination is 20 points.
  • Minimum to pass the course according to the ECTS assessment - 50 points.

 

  • In justified cases, it is possible to accomplish laboratories on another date, and the mid-term exam by extending the final exam.

Aims

To provide an overview of the basics principles of 2D and 3D computer graphics.

  • The student will get acquainted with the basic principles of 2D and 3D computer graphics - algorithms for rasterisation and clipping of 2D graphics primitives and filling of closed regions; algorithms for 2D and 3D transformations, visibility solution, lighting, shading and texturing.
  • The student will get acquainted with different techniques of 3D objects geometry representation.
  • The student will learn the fundamentals of the photorealistic rendering of 3D scenes.
  • The student will get acquainted with sources of alias and basics of antialiasing methods.
  • The student will learn the fundamentals of using main graphical programming interfaces and will practice implementation of vector and raster based graphics algorithms.

Study aids

Not applicable.

Prerequisites and corequisites

Not applicable.

Basic literature

Beneš, B., Sochor, J., Felkel, P., Žára, J.: Moderní počítačová grafika, 2. vydání, ComputerPress, 2005 (CS)

Recommended reading

Course slides and lecture recordings (EN)
Gomes J., et al., Computer Graphics: Theory and Practice, CRC Press, 2012.
Hughes, John F., et al., Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice, Third Edition, Addison-Wesley, 2014
Lengyel, E.: Mathematics for 3D Game Programming and Computer Graphics, Third Edition, 3rd Edition, 2012
Materiály k přednáškám a video záznamy přednášek (CS)
Sellers, G., et al., OpenGL Superbible: Comprehensive Tutorial and Reference, 7th Edition, 2015.
Watt, Alan H., 3D Computer Graphics, 3rd Edition, Addison-Wesley, 1999. 

Classification of course in study plans

  • Programme BAK-MIn Bachelor's 2 year of study, summer semester, elective
  • Programme BPC-AMT Bachelor's 0 year of study, summer semester, elective

  • Programme BPC-AUD Bachelor's

    specialization AUDB-ZVUK , 0 year of study, summer semester, elective
    specialization AUDB-TECH , 0 year of study, summer semester, elective

  • Programme BPC-ECT Bachelor's 0 year of study, summer semester, elective
  • Programme BPC-IBE Bachelor's 0 year of study, summer semester, elective
  • Programme BPC-MET Bachelor's 0 year of study, summer semester, elective
  • Programme BPC-SEE Bachelor's 0 year of study, summer semester, elective
  • Programme BPC-TLI Bachelor's 0 year of study, summer semester, elective
  • Programme BPC-NCP Bachelor's 0 year of study, summer semester, elective
  • Programme BIT Bachelor's 2 year of study, summer semester, compulsory
  • Programme BIT Bachelor's 2 year of study, summer semester, compulsory

Type of course unit

 

Lecture

39 hod., optionally

Teacher / Lecturer

doc. Ing. Michal Španěl, Ph.D.
Ing. Tomáš Milet, Ph.D.

Syllabus

  1. Raster and vector graphics. Colours and colour models. Colour space reduction and black&white images.
  2. Rasterisation of basic vector primitives.
  3. Closed area filling.
  4. Transformations in 2D and 3D.
  5. Basics of 3D scene visualization, 3D transformations and projections.
  6. Introduction to 2D graphics API and a minimalistic 2D graphic application.
  7. Antialiasing. Clipping in 2D and 3D.
  8. Curves in computer graphics.
  9. 3D object representations.
  10. Local illumination models and smooth surface shading. Introduction to the OpenGL library.
  11. Visibility problem in 3D.
  12. Textures and texturing. Modern computer graphics and principles of 3D graphics API.
  13. Basics of photorealistic rendering, raytracing and radiosity.

Exercise in computer lab

12 hod., optionally

Teacher / Lecturer

Ing. Jan Kohút
Ing. Tomáš Polášek
Ing. Roman Čižmarik
Ing. Michal Vlnas
Ing. Milan Munzar
Ing. Tomáš Milet, Ph.D.

Syllabus

  1. Colour space reduction.
  2. Basic 2D object rasterisation.
  3. Filling of 2D closed regions.
  4. 3D transformations.
  5. Visualization of 2D spline curves.
  6. 3D scene visualization and OpenGL basics.

Project

14 hod., optionally

Teacher / Lecturer

Ing. Tomáš Milet, Ph.D.

Syllabus

Thematically oriented individual project.