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Original title in Czech: Pokročilé materiályCEITEC VUTAbbreviation: PMAcad. year: 2016/2017
Programme: Advanced Materials and Nanosciences
Length of Study: 4 years
Guarantor
prof. RNDr. Josef Jančář, CSc.
Issued topics of Doctoral Study Program
The work will be focused on preparation and characterization of bioceramic nanoparticles and nanostructures. Chemical syntheses, consolidation and shaping of the particles (pressing, 3D printing, templating and electrospinning) will be applied to obtain calcium phosphates based ceramics suitable for bioapplication. The effect of the particle morphology, ceramic structure, surface modification and chemical/phase composition on the bioactive properties will be studied.
Tutor: Částková Klára, doc. Ing., Ph.D.
The aim of the work are advanced syntheses of multicomponent inorganic (ceramic) nanoparticles in order to modify their bioactive properties. The effect of the particle morphology, phase and chemical composition and macrostructure modification on the bioactive properties will be studied. The bioactivity study by means of interaction with cell cultures is assumed.
The work is focused on the development, preparation and characterization of novel scaffolds (cell carriers) for cartilage and bone regeneration. The goal is to design and prepare the composite scaffolds, which imitate the cartilage and bone tissue by chemical composition and hierarchical structure. Important part will be the optimizing biocomposite composition, their chemo-physical analysis, morphology and biodegradation evaluation.
Tutor: Vojtová Lucy, doc. Ing., Ph.D.
Dissertation topic relates to functionally gradient composites and scaffolds based on multiphase Ca-phosphates. Synthesis, composition, morphology and properties of nanoparticles multiphase Ca-phosphate, non-stoichiometric Ca-phosphates and Ca-phosphate substituted biogenic elements and their application in the development of biocomposites and scaffolds of hierarchically or functionally gradient structure supporting osteoinduction of bone cells will be studied. Gradient or hierarchical structure of bioceramic composites and scaffolds will be shaped by means of 3-D printing using new 3D-photolithographic method (LCM- Lithography-based Ceramic Manufacturing) (device CeraFab 7500, Lithoz GmbH). Structure and mechanical and biochemical properties printed biocomposites and scaffolds and scaffolds interaction with bone cells and tissues will be evaluated.
Tutor: Cihlář Jaroslav, prof. RNDr., CSc.
The aim of this dissertation is to use chitin/chitosan and their new derivatives (with different alkyl chains) and collagen to prepare 3D scaffold. The new chitin/chitosan derivatives will be used as matrices for different inorganic material (nano/micro hydroxyapatite, iron oxide). The chemical-physical interactions of the new nanocomposite will characterized by different tools (FTIR-TGA, NMR, XRD, SEM, TEM). The antibacterial, cytotoxicity, healing and histology of the new 3D bioscaffold will be analyzed and evaluated.
Tutor: Abdellatif Abdelmohsen Moustafa, M.Sc., Ph.D.
Dissertation focuses on the study of ceramic high-temperature fuel cells and electrochemical reactors using organic compounds (hydrocarbons, aliphatic alcohols, etc.) as fuel or reactants. The experimental part of dissertation will deal with the synthesis of nanoparticles and colloidal precursors for preparation of ceramic high-temperature electrolytes, anodes and cathodes and manufacture of components, fuel cells and electrochemical reactors (electrolyte, electrodes, ..). To measure the electrical parameters of fuel cells and electrochemical parameters of electrochemical reactors the device of FulCellmaterials company for testing fuel cells, combined with a high-impedance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry will be used. The main aim of the dissertation is finding new electroceramic materials for reducing operating temperature of the fuel cells and to achieve maximum electrochemical efficiency of reactors.
The subject of the PhD study is focused on shaping and consolidation of nanoceramic oxide particles. The main task of the student will contain a study of bulk colloidal ceramics processing using ceramic particles with size below 100 nm via colloidal shaping methods. The research will concern primarily with methods of direct consolidation of ceramic particles. A common difficulty of all these methods lies in the preparation of a stable concentrated suspension of nanoparticles with appropriate viscosity. The solution of the problem assumes understanding and utilization of colloidal chemistry and rheology of ceramic suspensions.
Tutor: Trunec Martin, prof. Ing., Dr.
This PhD study will be focused on preparation of bioscaffolds and composite bone cements for bone regeneration. Their physical, mechanical and biological properties will be investigated. Hard ceramic scaffolds with complex internal structure will be prepared in the form of calcium phosphate foam. These ceramic scaffolds will be surface modified with morphogenetically active inorganic polymers and organic biopolymers in order to obtain the osteoinductive behaviour of large scaffolds. The prepared ceramic foam will be also evaluated from the viewpoint of easy customizing, i.e. machining of the customized shape by CNC milling. Quick-setting composite bone cements based on calcium phosphates and biopolymers will be prepared in an injectable state for regeneration of small bone defects and for fixation of joint implants.
Hyaluronan is a simple glycosaminoglycan with diverse biological functions. For this reason, it is widely used both in cosmetology and pharmacology. In some cases, its application is restricted due to a strong affinity to water, which determines its supramolecular conformations in solution and type of self-assembly in solid state. This project aims to suggest strategies to overcome these restrictions by non-chemical modification of hyaluronan supramolecular conformations. Furthermore, the purpose is to master the preparation processes to obtain the structures with tuneable properties. The resulting conformations will be characterized for their conformation, physicochemical and structural dynamics, reactivity and biological activity.
Tutor: Kučerík Jiří, prof. Ing., Ph.D.
For detailed info please contact the supervisor.
Tutor: Jančář Josef, prof. RNDr., CSc.
Dissertation will deal with the transformation of organic substances and the production of hydrogen using inorganic (mainly oxide) heterogeneous catalysts with perovskite, spinel or zeolite structure. The experimental part of the work will deal with the synthesis of catalytically active nanoparticles, preparation of stable colloidal precursors and preparation of catalytically active layers on inert (ceramic) supports by deposition methods. Kinetics of heterogeneously catalyzed transformations of organic reactants (alcohols, hydrocarbons) in the gas phase will be studied with CATLAB apparatus (Hiden, UK). An important part of the thesis will present the study of nanostructures of catalytically active systems and interpretation of structural models in relation to long-term catalytic activity in order to achieve maximum efficiency in the conversion of organic reactants and hydrogen production.
Thesis will be focused to the formation of fibrils in amorphous macromolecular networks. The work is inspired by a self-assembly of fibronectin protein. The formation of fibrils in structure is induced by stretching of material. The protein contains cryptic binding sites, which are structurally simple disulfide bridge (covalent bond). However, they can produce the material with desired thickness, length and spatial distribution of fibrils by the special distribution of the cryptic sites in the molecules. The initial protein is hybrid physical and covalent macromolecular network. The hybrid type of networks was described by model recently. The aim of the dissertation will be to find the theoretical relation between the distribution of physical and covalent sites to the resulting fibrillar structure of material.
Tutor: Žídek Jan, Mgr., Ph.D.
The aim of the study is to delimit a region of mechanical stability of selected crystals under nonhydrostatic triaxial loading. For this purpose, phonon spectra will be computed for the crystals in their ground states as well as in deformed states. Phonon spectra will be obtained using force constants that will be computed by the VASP code.
Tutor: Černý Miroslav, prof. Mgr., Ph.D.
In this work, the student will become acquainted with electrical measurements (especially impedance, voltage and current distribution between the electrodes and flow of material in electrochemical cells). The student will also learn the principles of computer modelling "Finite Elements Modelling" using commercial software. Computational research will lead to elucidation of good practices for practical measurements, proposals for possible new practical geometries and to a feedback aimed to co-workers who design functional devices .
Tutor: Vanýsek Petr, prof. RNDr., CSc.
The topic of the dissertation is the study of polymer/inorganic composite biomaterials with a hierarchical structure composed of a nanofiber and nanoparticle components. Nanofiber polymeric components are prepared by methods electrospinning or centrifugal spinning and bioactive inorganic nanoparticles by ultrasonic or microwave synthesis. Preparation of hierarchical structures (biocomposites) will be studied by means of template methods and 3D-printing. The structure, mechanical and biochemical properties of biocomposites and their interactions with bone cells and tissues will be evaluated.
In this work the student will become familiar about the current issues of energy storage in the electrochemical redox flow cells and monitoring the extent of their charge. The research will lead to the design and development of methods that can be used for continuous monitoring of the state of charge of such cells. Two basic principles will be used: optical tracking in those systems where the hue changes due to the state of charge and the electrochemical measurement in the other cases.
FePd, FePt, CoPt, and other magnetic layers became extensively investigated because of their potential application in ultrahigh magnetic recording media. The aim of the study is to delimit a theoretical region of stability for selected crystals of binary alloys. Student will make a model of such crystals under simulated deformations using some of available ab initio codes. In particular, magnetic phase transitions will be studied during the deformation. Results will be compared with available literature data measured on thin films.
Topic of dissertation relates of photoelectrochemical splitting of water and organic materials (aliphatic alcohols, aldehydes, etc.) in the visible spectrum. Experimental work will deal with the synthesis of photocatalytic active inorganic semiconductors and their modifications (eg. by carbonaceous phases), the preparation of stable colloidal precursors for the deposition of photoactive layers, preparing of fotoelectrods and photoelectrochemical cells (reactors) and measuring of photoelectric parameters of photoelectrochemical cells and photocatalytic efficiency of photoreactors. Dissertation will also be focused on the study of the structure of the photocatalytic active systems and their interpetation by appropriate structural models and on design of fotoelectrocatalytic reactors in order to achieve maximum efficiency in the transformation of reactants and hydrogen production.
Repair and regeneration of large bone defects and require a rigid scaffold with custom-made shape that can properly fit the damaged bone area. One of the related key issues is a preparation of continual microchannels for nutrition delivery with functional properties such as porosity and resorption rate. Implementation of inorganic ceramic materials into the regenerative process requires design on both macro and micro levels. Furthermore, such process have to be reproducible and economically visible. Main research topic and training of this Ph.D. study will be preparation of ultrathin hollow fibers from inorganic materials suitable for the bone regenerative process. The applied processing method will be microtemplating, where unique dip-coating machine developed during project BioScaffold (FP7) is going to be implemented. Studies with cells (osteoblasts/osteoblast-like cells) will be done in laboratories of the cooperating partners.
Tutor: Salamon David, doc. Ing., Ph.D.
The aim is to isolate pure chitin from shrimp shell after acid, base treatments to obtain pure chitin used to generate chitosan by deacetylation process. Using conc. sodium hydroxide, chitosan will prepared with different deacetylayion degree. Chitin/ chitosan Nano-whiskers will prepare by acid treatments after optimize the condition of the reaction process. The nano-whikers or crystals will be confirmed by different techniques (FTIR, SEM, TEM, and TGA).
For more details please contact the supervisor.
Special engineering and bio-mechanical applications require the use of advanced materials. Because of their cost and purpose it is essential to ensure adequate strength of components made from them over the lifetime. From the viewpoint of material fatigue the number of load cycles often exceeds 107. Materials for these special applications will be tested in very high cycle fatigue regime, i.e. from 106 to 1010 cycles. Numerical simulations by FEM will be used to design specimens, tests will be carried out on ultrasonic testing machine, failure mechanisms will be searched using a scanning electron microscope.
Tutor: Klusák Jan, doc. Ing., Ph.D.
The student will learn in this project about current issues of energy storage using electrochemical redox flow cells. The experimental component of the work will lead to the improvement of the cells based on the principle of the vanadium system and to the design and development of new cells, not using the vanadium redox couples.
The work is focused on the study of 3D-printing of advanced ceramic materials based on new 3D-photolithographic method (LCM- Lithography-based Ceramic Manufacturing) by means of the CeraFab 7500 equipment (Lithoz GmbH). Work will deal with preparation and study of stable homogeneous colloidal dispersions containing light-sensitive polymers and ceramic fillers to obtain dispersions suitable for 3D-printing of advanced oxide ceramics. PhD student will deal with issues of theoretical study and with experimental study of the properties of colloidal polymer-ceramic dispersions, dispersion behavior at 3D-printing and sintering of printed objects and evaluation of physical, mechanical and chemical properties of printed ceramics in relation to the structure of ceramics and conditions of the technological process.
Study of selective ceramic nanoparticles linking by photopolymer composition for ceramic prototypes manufacturing on special 3D printer (Lithography based Ceramic Manufacturing). The photochemical processes of photopolymer crosslinking initialised by UV light will be studied. This photochemical reactions leads to selective connections of nanoparticles to patterned ceramic layers or 3D ceramic body. The physical and chemical properties of prepared ceramic layers will be studied.
Tutor: Veselý Michal, prof. Ing., CSc.