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Original title in Czech: Chemie životního prostředíFCHAbbreviation: DPCO_CHTOZPAcad. year: 2017/2018
Programme: Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection
Length of Study:
Accredited from: 1.3.2013Accredited until: 1.9.2019
Guarantor
prof. RNDr. Milada Vávrová, CSc.
Issued topics of Doctoral Study Program
Current interest is focused on exploitation of waste in order to produce stabilized, highly porous carbonaceous materials, i.e. biochars that are further applicable in environmental, industrial and agricultural technologies. The quality of biochars depends on the production conditions of the pyrolysis [11], and their properties can further enhanced by the surface modification. The aim of this work is the production of biochars from sewage sludge under modified process and post-process conditions in order to enhance their sorption properties towards organic and inorganic pollutants and water [12]. Simultaneously, the aim will also be the development of new methods for fast analysis biochar stability, composition and porosity.
Tutor: Kučerík Jiří, prof. Ing., Ph.D.
The aim of this dissertation thesis is a study of compounds of terpenic nature in plants that contain higher concentrations of essential oils. These compounds cause the typical smell of plants. Terpenes are volatile hydrocarbons formed by several isoprenoid units and have low molecular weight. Plans seem to be fungicidal, bactericidal and insecticidal. Due to these properties, they can be used as botanical pesticides which are not toxic and no resistant organisms occur. Each plant contains only very low concentrations of these compounds due to these elicitors are used. Elicitors activate defensive mechanisms in the plant and lead to higher defense abilities.
Tutor: Vávrová Milada, prof. RNDr., CSc.
Development of a metod for determination of anxiolytic and hypnotic in water ecosysterm
Development of metod for determination of hypolipidemic in water ecosystem
Industrial waste water are often problematic due to their negative affect on total economy of the process. However, using appropriate cleaning technology, they can represent an interesting secondary raw material. The aim of this work is testing of various technologies for cleaning of waste water from a pilot plant of company Contipro Dolní Dobrouč designed for production of derivatives of hyaluronic acid. The waters consist of a mixture of organic and inorganic compounds including cyanides. In the next step will be implemented an appropriate approach leading to a decrease of the costs of waste disposal and online detection of the waste water quality.
Thermogravimetry appeared as a promising techniques for fast assessment of soil properties [1-6] and showed a potential to replace currently used techniques. These techniques are often costly and require long experimental time, while thermogravimetry experiments require only several hours. The aim of this work is searching for new relationships between thermo-oxidative stability of soil determined using thermogravimetry and soil chemical properties (pH, content of biogenic elements including P, S and different forms of N, metals including Al and Fe), physical properties (texture and volume density) and biological indicators (microbial biomass, potentially mineralizable N, glomalin and phospholipids contents and microbial emissions of carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide). These properties are known as indicators of soil quality, and therefore, the found correlations will be used for development of a complex soil quality index.
The doctoral thesis is focused on the study and use of DET and DGT techniques, which are particularly suitable for the analysis of inorganic contaminants. These sampling techniques will be used in the pilot study and subsequently in the analysis of real samples. The results will be evaluated and interpreted.
Hormonal agents may be present in the aquatic environment due to imperfect elimination in wastewater treatment processes. This work will study the ecotoxicity of these substances and their degradation products.
Tutor: Zlámalová Gargošová Helena, doc. MVDr., Ph.D.
Water and water-cation bridges are formed in soil organic matter as a result of water sorption on polar groups located in micropores [7]. Currently, their role is connected only with physicochemical aging of soil organic matter [8], but recent results imply their role in non-linearity sorption of organic pollutants [9] and in total water holding capacity of soil organic matter under arid conditions [10]. The aim of this work is to explore these indices and shed light on the environmental relevance of bridges. First part of the project will be focused on the elucidation of the bridges on the total water holding capacity and their role in filling of hydrophobic micropores. In the second part will be studied the influence of the bridges on sorption and desorption of hydrophobic pollutants.
The study will be focused on the presence of residues of drugs with hormonal activity in natural (surface, spring) and treated waters (sewage, drinking). Basic active substances and also products of their transformation in the nature and during the wastewater treatment technologies will be followed.
Tutor: Čáslavský Josef, prof. Ing., CSc.
Within the Ph.D. thesis will be prepared of literature review focused on industrial high performance pigments which could be used as potential transposrt systems. The topic of thesis is very atrractive from point of view implementation commertial pigments to applications like transport systems. Following of literature sources will be provided chemical modifications of as novel sythetized pigments as commertial ones. All new materials will be studied in cooperation with Linz institute of solar cells (Austria). The result will be n-type or ambipolar materials used in both organic photovoltaics (OPV), and the field-effect transistors (OFET).
This thesis will focus on the use of plant material, which is located in the exposed areas, to the assessment of environmental pollution. The aim will be to develop a detailed literature review current bio-monitoring and environmental contamination by inorganic pollutants. After selection will be performed reliable bioindicators and methods for their use regard to the environmental studies; also will be made "optimization" of their use under laboratory conditions. In conclusion, these techniques will be applied to assess the real state of contamination of the environment, particularly the evaluation and comparison of contamination in large urban areas and rural areas.
Advanced oxidation processes (AOP) are used as technological processes for drinking and waste water treatment to remove organical pollution. Studies show that AOP can be alternative for traditional conventional technologies. The aim if this dissertation thesis is the study of influence of AOP to degradation of organic pollutants in water. The research will be focused on removing these compounds by using UV irradiation combined with severed oxidation agents.
This dissertation will be focused on the study of new sorbents that can be used for the separation and preconcentration of hazardous elements. After a detailed literature review will be performed selection of suitable sorbents with respect to their use in the evaluation of the environmental contamination by these elements, especially by platinum metals. Will be optimized preconcentration methods with the aim to achieve the highest preconcentration factors and then use these techniques in the analysis of abiotic environmental samples (sediment, water, sludge, dust, soils).
The use of biodegradable polymers leads to a question, if these compounds are really biodegradable or only disintegrable and if their non-toxic degradation products are not harmful in a different direction. For instance, the influence of degradation microparticle products on soil forming processes or their effect on meso- and microfauna. The aim of this work is to investigate the influence of degradation of biodegradable polymers (PLA, PHB) on their environments with respect to the formation of microplastics and additives such as fillers, stabilizers and others.
Within the Ph.D. thesis will be prepared of literature review focused on materials for multifoton absorption. Study of these materials is in the last few years the subject of the basic and applied research. It can be stated that the results about these researches have essential interest industrial sector mainly, preparation of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), lasers etc. The aim of this work is a synthesis of these advanced materials, chemical characterization and study of their properties at Faculty of chemistry and together with cooperation with foreign partners.
Tutor: Krajčovič Jozef, prof. Ing., Ph.D.