The Environmental Risk Assessment - Groundwater and Soil Pollution

článek ve sborníku ve WoS nebo Scopus

angličtina

Environmental risk assessment and the nature protection is probably permanently discussed problem. It is necessary to protect nature to keep the nature for next generation; such a need is expressed in the legislative requirement. EU legislative frame connected with this problems is along others Directive 96/82/EC (On the control of major-accident hazards involving dangerous substances - SEVESO II Directive). Czech harmonised law No. 353/1999 Coll. (On Prevention of the Major Accident amended by the law No. 82/2004 Coll. (the amendment entered into force on the 1st April 2004). The law imposes to the operator of the establishment an obligation to carry out an analysis and risk assessment of a major accident; it has to include environmental impact of such an accident. However, the law does not set which analysis and risk assessment is able to use. Selecting of an appropriate methodology is up to analysis and assessment creator. There is not available a sufficient methodical procedure for this assessment in the Czech Republic which should be able to use in practise (except for dispersion models of contaminant in the air). Legislation urgently needs developing such a procedure. The environmental risk assessment is quite complicated process because the environment and its all parts are connected and separability of the contamination is virtually impossible. Practically it means that contamination of one part of the environment usually causes contamination of the other part of the environment. From safety engineering point of view it means to assess risks for soil, water (surface water and groundwater), and air. This paper is focused on the methodical proposal of the environmental risk assessment for groundwater and soil. Industrial accidents risk assessment and their effect to groundwater and soil is not a simple task. The paper presents basic processes which occur when contaminant entering the subsurface and the groundwater. The processes are influenced by many characteristic; geology, hydrogeology, and of course by characteristic of certain chemical. The processes are described in details in the following text. The paper also provides a procedure for the environmental risk assessment like risk assessment of soil and groundwater pollution. This procedure deals with residual contamination in the soil and in the groundwater. Case study is included too.

environmental risk assessment, groundwater and soil pollution

LÁSKOVÁ, A.; TABAS, M.; ŠAMÁNKOVÁ, P.; BABINEC, F.

1. 1. 2004

neuveden

Praha

80-86059-40-5

CHISA 2004

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8