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Detail publikace
LÍZAL, F. ELCNER, J. JEDELSKÝ, J. MALÝ, M. JÍCHA, M. FARKAS, Á. BĚLKA, M. REHAK, Z. ADAM, J. LÁZŇOVSKÝ, J. KAISER, J. BŘÍNEK, A. ZIKMUND, T.
Originální název
The effect of oral and nasal breathing on the deposition of inhaled particles in upper and tracheobronchial airways
Typ
článek v časopise ve Web of Science, Jimp
Jazyk
angličtina
Originální abstrakt
The inhalation route has a substantial influence on the fate of inhaled particles. An outbreak of infectious diseases such as COVID-19, influenza or tuberculosis depends on the site of deposition of the inhaled pathogens. But the knowledge of respiratory deposition is important also for occupational safety or targeted delivery of inhaled pharmaceuticals. Simulations utilizing computational fluid dynamics are becoming available to a wide spectrum of users and they can undoubtedly bring detailed predictions of regional deposition of particles. However, if those simulations are to be trusted, they must be validated by experimental data. This article presents simulations and experiments performed on a geometry of airways which is available to other users and thus those results can be used for intercomparison between different research groups. In particular, three hypotheses were tested. First: Oral breathing and combined breathing are equivalent in terms of particle deposition in TB airways, as the pressure resistance of the nasal cavity is so high that the inhaled aerosol flows mostly through the oral cavity in both cases. Second: The influence of the inhalation route (nasal, oral or combined) on the regional distribution of the deposited particles downstream of the trachea is negligible. Third: Simulations can accurately and credibly predict deposition hotspots. The maximum spatial resolution of predicted deposition achievable by current methods was searched for. The simulations were performed using large-eddy simulation, the flow measurements were done by laser Doppler anemometry and the deposition has been measured by positron emission tomography in a realistic replica of human airways. Limitations and sources of uncertainties of the experimental methods were identified. The results confirmed that the high-pressure resistance of the nasal cavity leads to practically identical velocity profiles, even above the glottis for the mouth, and combined mouth and nose breathing. The distribution of deposited particles downstream of the trachea was not influenced by the inhalation route. The carina of the first bifurcation was not among the main deposition hotspots regardless of the inhalation route or flow rate. On the other hand, the deposition hotspots were identified by both CFD and experiments in the second bifurcation in both lungs, and to a lesser extent also in both the third bifurcations in the left lung.
Klíčová slova
Computational fluid mechanics; Numerical simulations; Particle deposition; Positron emission tomography; Laser Doppler anemometry; Flow; Airways; Lungs; Deposition hotspots
Autoři
LÍZAL, F.; ELCNER, J.; JEDELSKÝ, J.; MALÝ, M.; JÍCHA, M.; FARKAS, Á.; BĚLKA, M.; REHAK, Z.; ADAM, J.; LÁZŇOVSKÝ, J.; KAISER, J.; BŘÍNEK, A.; ZIKMUND, T.
Vydáno
1. 12. 2020
Nakladatel
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
Místo
OXFORD
ISSN
0021-8502
Periodikum
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
Ročník
150
Číslo
105649
Stát
Spojené království Velké Británie a Severního Irska
Strany od
1
Strany do
23
Strany počet
URL
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7455204/
BibTex
@article{BUT167439, author="LÍZAL, F. and ELCNER, J. and JEDELSKÝ, J. and MALÝ, M. and JÍCHA, M. and FARKAS, Á. and BĚLKA, M. and REHAK, Z. and ADAM, J. and LÁZŇOVSKÝ, J. and KAISER, J. and BŘÍNEK, A. and ZIKMUND, T.", title="The effect of oral and nasal breathing on the deposition of inhaled particles in upper and tracheobronchial airways", journal="JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE", year="2020", volume="150", number="105649", pages="1--23", doi="10.1016/j.jaerosci.2020.105649", issn="0021-8502", url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7455204/" }