OPERATING SPECIFICATIONS OF CATALYTIC CLEANING OF GAS FROM BIOMASS GASIFICATION

OPERATING SPECIFICATIONS OF CATALYTIC CLEANING OF GAS FROM BIOMASS GASIFICATION

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Paper deals with theoretical description of cleaning of energogas from biomass and waste gasification using catalytic methods, and verification of theory in experiments. The main obstruction for using energogas from fluid gasification of organic matter is presence of various high-boiling point hydrocarbons (i.e. tar) in the gas. Elimination of tar from the gas is a key factor in subsequent use of the gas in other technologies for cogeneration of electrical energy and heat. Application of natural or artificial catalyst for catalytic destruction of tar is one of the methods of secondary elimination of tar from energogas. In our experiments, we used natural catalyst (dolomite or calcium magnesium carbonate) from Horní Lánov with great mechanical and catalytic properties, suitable for our purposes. Advantages of natural catalysts in contrast to artificial catalysts include their availability, low purchase prices and higher resilience to the so called catalyst poison Natural calcium catalysts may also capture undesired compounds of sulphure and chlorine. Our paper presents theoretical description and analysis of catalytic destruction of tar into combustible gas components, and impact of calcination of dolomite on its efficiency. Efficiency of the technology is verified in laboratories. Facility used for verification was a 150 kW pilot gasification unit with a laboratory catalytic filter. Efficiency of tar elimination reached 99.5 per cent, tar concentration complied with limits for use of the gas in combustion engines, and tar content reached approximately 35 mg/m3n. Results of the measurements conducted in the laboratories helped us design a pilot technology for catalytic gas cleaning.

Paper deals with theoretical description of cleaning of energogas from biomass and waste gasification using catalytic methods, and verification of theory in experiments. The main obstruction for using energogas from fluid gasification of organic matter is presence of various high-boiling point hydrocarbons (i.e. tar) in the gas. Elimination of tar from the gas is a key factor in subsequent use of the gas in other technologies for cogeneration of electrical energy and heat. Application of natural or artificial catalyst for catalytic destruction of tar is one of the methods of secondary elimination of tar from energogas. In our experiments, we used natural catalyst (dolomite or calcium magnesium carbonate) from Horní Lánov with great mechanical and catalytic properties, suitable for our purposes. Advantages of natural catalysts in contrast to artificial catalysts include their availability, low purchase prices and higher resilience to the so called catalyst poison Natural calcium catalysts may also capture undesired compounds of sulphure and chlorine. Our paper presents theoretical description and analysis of catalytic destruction of tar into combustible gas components, and impact of calcination of dolomite on its efficiency. Efficiency of the technology is verified in laboratories. Facility used for verification was a 150 kW pilot gasification unit with a laboratory catalytic filter. Efficiency of tar elimination reached 99.5 per cent, tar concentration complied with limits for use of the gas in combustion engines, and tar content reached approximately 35 mg/m3n. Results of the measurements conducted in the laboratories helped us design a pilot technology for catalytic gas cleaning.

biomass, gasification, gas cleaning, dolomite

biomass, gasification, gas cleaning, dolomite

LISÝ, M.; BALÁŠ, M.; SKÁLA, Z.

23. 4. 2014

Brno University of Technology

Brno

978-80-214-4931-2

Proceedings of Abstracts

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