Designing machines, vehicles, and structures that are safe, reliable, and economical requires both efficient use of materials and assurance that component/structure failure will not occur. Component and/or structure damage caused by insufficiency and failure of the material is usually called as limit state. There is a deformation history preceding to limit state, as a result, except for los of machine functionality a material failure is taking place. The course is focused on mechanical and fracture behaviour of materials, in particular to topics like deformation, fracture initiation and propagation. There are traditional approaches to deformation and fracture behaviour evaluation included (materials testing, plastic deformation characterisation, fatigue, creep), but, at the same time, up to date methods, the lectures therefore reviews also micromechanics and micromechanical aspects of brittle fracture, fatigue failure and creep rupture. The phenomena are explained linking up to typical structural materials microstructure; the lectures are therefore especially suitable for the branches having less dotation of materially oriented courses.